Therapeutic and prevention strategies against human enterovirus 71 infection

Table 1 Natural therapeutic products tested for anti-human enterovirus 71 activity

Natural product (Group)	Tested	Possible mechanism	Advantages	Disadvantages	Ref.
Hydrolysable Ellagitannins	in vitro/in vivo	Inhibit viral absorption/penetration	No obvious side effects	Weak oral activity	[21-30]
Flavonoids	in vitro	Inhibit viral RNA/protein synthesis	Low escape mutants	Mechanism not clear	[18,31–35]
Alkaloids	in vitro/in vivo	Inhibit protein synthesis	No obvious side effects	Mechanism not clear	[36-38]
Deferoxamine	in vitro/in vivo	Upregulation of B cells	Previous US FDA approval for	N/A	[39,40]
			treatment of iron overload

N/A: Not available; US FDA : United States Food and Drug Administration.