Impact of antiretroviral therapy on lipid metabolism of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: Old and new drugs

Table 3 Clinical diagnosis and treatment to human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipodystrophy syndrome

Clinical diagnosis	Treatment options
Lipoatrophy
Sunken eyes, sunken cheeks, prominent zygomatic arch, prominent veins, skinny or muscular appearance, loose skin folds loss of contour	Switching antiviral therapies: stavudine or zidovudineto abacavir or tenofovir, other switch, and/or reconstructive procedures
Lipohypertrophy
Increased abdominal girth with visceral fat accumulation, dorsocervical or supraclavicular fat pad	Diet, exercise, liposuction
Related findings
Hypertriglyceridemia, usually with depressed HDL, hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance	Statins, fibrates, inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption, fish oils, diet, exercise, drugs (metformin, acarbose, sulfonylureas, glinides or leptin)