Impact of antiretroviral therapy on lipid metabolism of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: Old and new drugs

doi:10.5501/wjv.v4.i2.56

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World Journal of Virology

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World J Virology. May 12, 2015; 4(2): 56-77
Published online May 12, 2015. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v4.i2.56

Table 2 Antiretroviral drugs: Impact on lipid and glucose metabolism

Antiretroviral class	Drug	Effects on lipids	Effects on glucose
NRTIs	Abacavir (ABC)	↑ Dyslipidemia	No effect
	Didanozine (ddl)	↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Emtricitabine (FTC)	↑ Dyslipidemia	No effect
	Lamivudine (3TC)	↑ Dyslipidemia	No effect
	Stavudine (d4T)	↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Tenofovir (TDF)	↑ Dyslipidemia	No effect
	Zidovudine (AZT)	↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
NNRTIs	Efavirenz (EFV)	↑↑ HDL, ↑ Dyslipidemia	No effect
	Etravirine (ETR)	Neutral effects	No effect
	Nevirapine (NVP)	↑↑ HDL, ↑LDL
	Rilpivirine (RPV)	Neutral effect
PIs	Amprenavir/ritonavir	↑↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Atazanavir/ritonavir	↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Darunavir/ritonavir	↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Fosamprenavir/ritonavir	↑↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Indinavir	↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Lopinavir/ritonavir	↑↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Nelfinavir	↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Saquinavir	↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
	Tipranavir/ritonavir	↑↑↑ Dyslipidemia	Insulin resistance
Fusion inhibitors	Enfuvirtide, T-20	Neutral effect	No effect
InSTIs	Dolutegravir (DTG)	Neutral effect	No effect
	Elvitegravir (EVG)	Neutral effect	No effect
	Raltegravir (RAL)	Neutral effect	No effect
Entry inhibitors	Selzentry	Neutral effect	No effect

NRTIs: Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors; NNRTIs: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; PIs: Protease inhibitors; InSTIs: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors.

Citation: Cunha JD, Maselli LMF, Stern ACB, Spada C, Bydlowski SP. Impact of antiretroviral therapy on lipid metabolism of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: Old and new drugs. World J Virology 2015; 4(2): 56-77
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v4/i2/56.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v4.i2.56