Evolution of an avian H5N1 influenza A virus escape mutant

Table 3 Amino acid site residues associated with virulence in mammals in comparison with Egyptian isolates

GeneGene	Site	Residue1		Egyptian	A/CK/	Ref.
		Virulent	Avirulent	H5N1 isolates	Eg/F10/09
PB2	627	K	E	K	K	[11,27]
	701	N	D	D	D	[28]
PB1	317	I	M/V	M/V	M	[11,27]
PA	127	I	V	V	N.I.2	[25]
	336	M	L	L	L	[25]
M2	64	S/A/F	P	S	L	[17]
	69	P	L	P	P	[17]
NS1	42	S	A/P	S	S	[29]
	92	E	D	D	D	[27]
	97/92	E	D	E	E	[23]
	127	N	T/D/R/V/A	T/I	I	[30]
	189	N	D/G	D	D	[25]
	195	T/Y	S	S	S	[31]
NS2	31	I	M	M	M	[25]
	56	Y	H/L	H	H	[25]

¹Virulent and non virulent amino acid residues refer to the ability of the virus to replicate in mammals as determined by Lycett et al[17].

²N.I.: Not included since it is not flanked by the primers used in the current study.