Candidemia chronicles: Retrospective analysis of candidemia epidemiology, species distribution, and antifungal susceptibility patterns in Bahrain

Table 1 Demographic data of patients affected with fungemia over the three years of the study, n (%)

		2021	2022	2023	Total
Total number		161	143	126	430
Age (years)	mean ± SD	66.9 ± 26.7	68.6 ± 18.8	62.87 ± 19	65.7 ± 18.8
	Median	70	72	68	70
Sex	Male	84 (52.2)	79	62	225
	Female	77 (47.8)	64	64	205
	Male:female ratio	1.1:1	1.23:1	0.96:1	1.1:1
Nationality	Bahraini	131 (81.4)	123 (86)	111 (88)	365 (85)
	Non-Bahraini	30 (18.6 )	20 (14)	15 (12)	65 (15)
Prognosis	Live	23 (14.3)	26 (18.2)	13 (10)	62 (14.5)
	Deceased	138 (85.7)	117 (81.8)	113 (90)	368 (85.5)
Candida species	Candida albicans	48 (30)	22 (15.4)	33 (26.2)	103 (24)
	Candida tropicalis	30 (18.6)	29 (20.3)	23 (18.2)	82 (19)
	Candida parapsilosis	29 (18)	36 (25.2)	29 (23)	94 (22)
	Candida glabrata	19 (11.8)	7 (5)	10 (8)	36 (8)
	Candida auris	13 (8)	38 (26.5)	27 (23)	78 (18)
	Candida species	6 (3,7)	1 (0.7)	0	7 (1.6)
	Candida dubliniensis	4 (2.5)	1 (0.7)	1 (0.7)	6 (1.3)
	Candida lusitaniae	3 (1.9)	1 (0.7)	2 (1.4)	6 (1.3)
	Candida orthopsilosis	3 (1.9)	3 (2)	1 (0.7)	7 (1.6)
	Candida guilliermondii	2 (1.25)	0	0	2 (0.4)
	Candida metapsilosis	2 (1.25)	3 (2)	1 (0.7)	6 (1.3)
	Candida rugosa	2 (1.25)	0
	Candida krusei	0	2 (1.4)	1 (0.7)	3 (0.7)
	Candida Cyberlindnera fabianii	1 (0.65)	0	0	1 (0.2)
	Rhodotorula mucilaginosa var mucilaginos	1 (0.65)	0	0	1 (0.2)