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©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Virol. Jan 25, 2023; 12(1): 30-43
Published online Jan 25, 2023. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i1.30
Published online Jan 25, 2023. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i1.30
Table 3 Studies evaluating outcomes and predictors of severity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with coronavirus disease 2019
Ref. | Type of study | Patients included | Outcomes | Predictors |
Chang et al[27] | Retrospective study | 3122 COVID-19 cases [FLI (fatty liver index) was calculated] | Severe disease: 223 (7.14%); Mechanical ventilation: 82 (2.63%); ICU admission: 126 (4.04%) High-flow oxygen therapy: 75 (2.40%); Death: 94 (3.01%) | FLI associated with severe complications from COVID-19 (aOR: 1.77) |
Vrsaljko et al[28] | Prospective observational study | 120 NAFLD patients (of 216 COVID-19 patients) | Patients with NAFLD had more high-flow nasal cannula or non-invasive ventilation (21.66%, vs 10.42%), longer duration of hospitalization (10 d vs 9 d), and more pulmonary thromboembolism risk (26.66% vs 13.54%) | Delayed time to recovery (HR: 0.64); Increased pulmonary thrombosis (OR: 2.15) among NAFLD patients |
Velazquez et al[29] | Retrospective cohort study | 359 NAFLD patients as per Dallas steatosis index (DSI) out of total 470 cases | Lower oxygen saturation levels; Higher D-dimer; Elevated LDH; Higher lymphocyte count among NAFLD | On multivariable analysis, NAFLD is a predictor of mortality (OR: 2.13) |
Madan et al[36] | Retrospective observational case control study | 289 NAFLD patients among 446 cases | Similar in-hospital mortality, ICU requirement, ventilatory support, and duration of ICU and hospital stay | Predictors of in-hospital mortality: High total leukocyte count (OR: 1.082); High FIB-4 (OR: 1.606) |
Chen et al[34] | Retrospective single centre cohort study | 172 patients with hepatic steatosis (HS) among 342 cases | 19% of patients expired; > 50% required ICU admission | Increased intubation (aOR: 2.75); Vasopressor requirements (aOR: 1.22); ALT > 5 x ULN (aOR: 7.09) |
Sarin et al[37] | Retrospective multinational cohort | 113 NAFLD cases out of 228 cases (185 without cirrhosis and 43 with cirrhosis) | Higher risk of acute liver injury in obese cirrhotics vs normal weight patients (OR: 8.9) | Higher risk of liver injury: In non-cirrhotics, diabetes [57.7% vs 39.7%, OR: 2.1]; In cirrhotics, obesity, [64.3% vs 17.2%, OR: 8.1] |
Li et al[31] | Observational study | Genome-wide meta-analysis (GWMA) of 3711 NAFLD cases and 426252 controls from United Kingdom Biobank data | No significant association of NAFLD and severe COVID-19 after adjusting for confounders | Predictors of severity: Body mass index (OR: 1.73); Waist circumference (OR: 1.76); Hip circumference (OR: 1.33) |
Yao et al[30] | Retrospective study in China | 86 COVID-19 patients with NAFLD | NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis (NFS > -1.5) had more fever (81.6% vs 50%), shortness of breath (18.4% vs 0%), and severe disease (28.9% vs 2.1) | Predictors of severe disease: Diabetes (OR: 8.264); Advanced liver fibrosis [NFS > -1.5] (OR: 11.057) |
Targher et al[35] | Retrospective study | 94 NAFLD cases among 310 patients | Factors associated with severity: Increasing FIB-4 (aOR: 1.90); Increasing NFS (aOR: 2.57) |
- Citation: Walia D, Saraya A, Gunjan D. COVID-19 in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease – predictors of outcomes. World J Virol 2023; 12(1): 30-43
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v12/i1/30.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v12.i1.30