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©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Virol. Sep 25, 2022; 11(5): 221-236
Published online Sep 25, 2022. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v11.i5.221
Published online Sep 25, 2022. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v11.i5.221
Figure 1 Intranasal and oral coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines promise to induce both local and systemic immune responses.
ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; DCs: Dendritic cells; Mф: Macrophages; NALT: Nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue; Ig: Immunoglobulin; TMPRSS2: Transmembrane serine protease 2.
- Citation: Miteva D, Peshevska-Sekulovska M, Snegarova V, Batselova H, Alexandrova R, Velikova T. Mucosal COVID-19 vaccines: Risks, benefits and control of the pandemic. World J Virol 2022; 11(5): 221-236
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v11/i5/221.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v11.i5.221