Educational, psychosocial, and clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic on medical students in the United States

Table 7 Univariate analysis on sample population clinical impact of coronavirus disease 2019

Clinical, future, and financial impact	Low anxiety, N = 90 (%)	High anxiety, N = 219 (%)	Total, N = 309 (%)	Sig.
COVID-19 has increased the community perception of physicians and healthcare workers				0.1
1 = Strongly disagree	1 (25)	3 (75)	4 (1.29)
2 = Disagree	7 (26.92)	19 (73.08)	26 (8.41)
3 = Neutral	11 (18.64)	48 (81.36)	59 (19.09)
4 = Agree	44 (30.14)	102 (69.86)	146 (47.25)
5 = Strongly agree	25 (34.72)	47 (65.28)	72 (23.3)
Does not apply	2 (100)	0 (0)	2 (0.65)
Are you required to assist in the healthcare system currently due to COVID-19?				0.06
Yes I am being put to work wherever I a needed	0 (0)	3 (100)	3 (0.97)
Yes I am continuing to work in the same clinical role that I was in pre-pandemic	0 (0)	10 (100)	10 (3.24)
No	90 (30.41)	206 (69.59)	296 (95.79)
Do you have the option to volunteer to work in the hospital for COVID-19?				0.31
No	66 (27.5)	174 (72.5)	240 (77.92)
Yes	23 (33.82)	45 (66.18)	68 (22.08)
Would you like to volunteer?				0.34
Yes	46 (30.26)	106 (69.74)	152 (49.35)
No	28 (32.94)	57 (67.06)	85 (27.6)
Cannot due to external factors	16 (22.54)	55 (77.46)	71 (23.05)
Cannot volunteer due to external factors: I live or help out with family and or friends who I do not want to risk exposure				0.1
No	81 (30.92)	181 (69.08)	262 (84.79)
Yes	9 (19.15)	38 (80.85)	47 (15.21)
Cannot volunteer due to external factors: I am concerned about my own safety				0.56
No	88 (29.63)	209 (70.37)	297 (96.12)
Yes	2 (16.67)	10 (83.33)	12 (3.88)
Cannot volunteer due to external factors: I have to work elsewhere for financial reasons				0.11
No	90 (29.7)	213 (70.3)	303 (98.06)
Yes	0 (0)	6 (100)	6 (1.94)
Volunteer activities: Fundraising or obtaining PPE for hospitals				0.52
No	81 (29.89)	190 (70.11)	271 (87.7)
Yes	3 (21.43)	29 (76.32)	38 (12.3)
Volunteer Activities: Helping answer COVID-19 phone lines				0.41
No	84 (29.79)	198 (70.21)	282 (91.26)
Yes	6 (22.22)	21 (77.78)	27 (8.74)
Volunteer Activities: Child care for healthcare workers				0.02
No	78 (27.37)	207 (72.63)	285 (92.33)
Yes	12 (50)	12 (50)	24 (7.77)
On a scale of 1-5, how prepared to you feel to work with COVID-19 patients?				0.38
1 = Not at all prepared	37 (72.79)	99 (72.79)	136 (44.16)
2	26 (26.26)	73 (73.74)	99 (32.14)
3 = Adequately prepared	14 (42.42)	19 (57.58)	33 (10.71)
4	5 (27.78)	13 (72.22)	18 (5.84)
5 = Extremely well prepared	0 (0)	3 (100)	3 (0.97)
Does not apply	7 (36.84)	12 (63.16)	19 (6.17)
On a scale of 1-5, how prepared to you feel to work in the general healthcare system (caring for internal medicine patients, surgical patients, etc.)?				0.5
1 = Not at all prepared	17 (34)	33 (66)	50 (16.18)
2	25 (28.74)	62 (71.26)	87 (28.16)
3 = Adequately prepared	23 (25.27)	68 (74.73)	91 (29.46)
4	17 (33.33)	34 (66.67)	51 (16.5)
5 = Extremely well prepared	2 (13.33)	13 (86.67)	15 (4.85)
Does not apply	6 (40)	9 (60)	15 (4.85)

COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; PPE: Personal protective equipment.