New-onset diabetes in COVID-19 and clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 5 Main results for meta-regression model, random effects, Z-distribution, logit event rate

Covariate	Coefficient	SE	95% lower	95% upper	Z value	P value
Intercept: No DM	-2.3183	0.2504	-2.8091	-1.8276	-9.26	0
Hyperglycemia	0.2519	0.3788	-0.4905	0.9944	0.67	0.506
Known DM	0.6642	0.3552	-0.0319	1.3603	1.87	0.0615
New DM	1.1865	0.3552	0.4903	1.8827	3.34	0.0008

Test of the model: Simultaneous test that all coefficients (excluding intercept) are zero: Q = 12.51, df = 3, P = 0.0058. Goodness of fit: Test that unexplained variance is zero: Tau² = 0.1610, Tau = 0.4012, I² = 62.66%, Q = 34.81, df = 13, P = 0.0009. Total between-study variance (intercept only): Tau² = 0.3751, Tau = 0.6124, I² = 81.75%, Q = 87.66, df = 16, P = 0.0000. Proportion of total between-study variance explained by Model 1: R² analog = 0.57. DM: Diabetes mellitus.