Cumulative positive fluid balance is a risk factor for acute kidney injury and requirement for renal replacement therapy after liver transplantation

Table 4 Comparison of baseline, intra-operative and postoperative features of patients submitted to liver transplantation according to requirement of renal replacement therapy

	No RRT (n = 95)	RRT (n = 26)	P value
Age (yr)	49 ± 12	53 ± 12	0.960
Male sex	80 (84%)	26 (100%)	0.0001
Child-Pugh score at admission	9 ± 2	10 ± 2	0.800
MELD score at admission	18 ± 6	19 ± 7	0.420
APACHE II 24 h after admission	14 ± 4	18 ± 6	0.030
Cold ischemia time (min)	506 ± 166	587 ± 175	0.470
Duration of surgery (min)	322 ± 103	372 ± 102	0.500
Use of blood products	59%	81%	0.030
Number of packed red blood cell units	1.6 ± 2.7	2.7 ± 4.2	0.080
Use of vasoactive drugs	25 (26%)	13 (50%)	0.020
Peak of arterial lactate in the first 24 h (mmol/L)	2.1 ± 1.3	3.3 ± 3.5	0.0001
Peak AST levels (U/L)	2144 ± 2157	6599 ± 9060	0.0001
Postoperative complications
Early allograft dysfunction	14 (15%)	13 (50%)	0.0001
Biliary strictures and/or leaks	3 (3%)	2 (8%)	0.292
Arterial thrombosis or stenosis	5 (5%)	0 (0)	0.290
Acute rejection	27 (28%)	5 (19%)	0.249
Sepsis or septic shock	23 (24%)	15 (58%)	0.0001
Cumulative FB in the first 12 h	5014 ± 2181	7146 ± 2538	0.005
Cumulative FB in the first 4 d	9868 ± 3677	14924 ± 7345	0.0001
Length of stay in ICU (d)	9 ± 9	20 ± 14	0.002
Length of stay in the hospital (d)	17 ± 10	24 ± 14	0.007
Mortality	2 (2%)	9 (35%)	0.0001

Data are expressed as mean ± SD. RRT: Renal replacement therapy; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Disease Classification System; FB: Fluid balance; ICU: Intensive care unit.