Biomarkers in renal transplantation: An updated review

Table 3 Unbiased proteomic studies for acute rejection

Ref.	Biomarker candidate	Sample type	Sample numbers	Outcome
Freue et al[69]	TTN, LBP, CFD, MBL2, SERPINA10, AFM, KNG1, LCAT, SHBG	Plasma	32	AR
Sigdel et al[70]	UMOD, PEDF, CD44	Urine	60	AR
Wu et al[71]	NF-κB, STAT1, STAT3 and 63 other proteins	Plasma	13	AR
Loftheim et al[72]	IGFBP7, VASN, EGF, LG3BP	Urine	12	AR
Sigdel et al[73]	HLA-DRB1, FGB, FGA, KRT14, HIST1H4B, ACTB, KRT7, DPP4	Urine	154	AR

AR: Acute rejection; TTN: Titin; LBP: Lipid binding protein; MBL2: Mannose binding lectin 2; SERPINA 10: Protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor; AFM: Atomic force microscopy; KNG1: Kininogen1 protein; LCAT: Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase; SHBG: Sex hormon binding protein; UMOD: Uromodulin; PEDF: Pigment epithelium derived factor; NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B; STAT1: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; IGFBP7: Insulin like growth factor binding protein 7; VASN: Vasorin; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; LG3BP: Galectin-3-binding protein; FGB: Fibrinogen beta chain precursor; FGA: Fibrinogen alpha chain precursor; KRT14: Keratin14; HIST1H4B: Histone cluster 1 H4 family member b; ACTB: Actin beta; KRT7: Keratin 7; DPP4: Dipeptidil-peptidasi 4.