Old game, new players: Linking classical theories to new trends in transplant immunology

Figure 3 Summary of the main innate and adaptive mediators of graft rejection. Alloimmune rejection is a multifaceted process that involves both innate and adaptive mediators. Initial tissue damage is mostly mediated by innate participants as macrophages and NK cells along with dendritic cells, which link the both innate and adaptive responses. With time, these gradually give way to more adaptive mediators as T and B lymphocytes and antibody production. I/RI: Isquemia/reperfusion injury; PAMPs: Pathogen-associated molecular patterns; DAMPS: Danger-associated molecular patterns; IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; Abs: Antibodies; DC: Dendritic cells; SLO: Secondary lymphoid organ; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor. Mediator roles are represented in red (pro-inflammatory), blue (regulatory) and grey (indetermined).