Thromboelastographic reference ranges for a cirrhotic patient population undergoing liver transplantation

Table 3 Median and reference ranges for thromboelastography assay in the study population according to gender, age, model for end-stage liver disease, liver disease and presence of hepatocellular carcinoma

	r (min)	k (min)	α(degree)	MA (mm)	A (30) mm	A (60) mm	Ly30 (%)	Ly60 (%)
Females (n = 68)	22.7 (7.6-58.6)	12.5 (3-38.5)	16.5 (4.1-52.2)	38.1 (10.3-70)	37.7 (8.5-71.1)	35.5 (6.7-71.1)	0.0 (0-4)	0.25 (0-26.5)
Males (n = 193)	22.8 (5.8-61.5)	13.5 (3.2-44.9)	15.8 (3.9-49.8)	34 (8.1-71.2)	33.4 (8.1-75)	3.3 (6.7-75)	0.0 (0-4)	0.4 (0-10)
P	0.9	0.97	0.74	0.57	0.37	0.29	0.64	0.9
< 60 yr (n = 181)	21 (5.1-57.6)	12.2 (4.1-40.9)	16.7 (3.7-42.9)	32.5 (10.4-62.6)	32 (9.8-59.4)	30.2 (9.2-57.7)	0.0 (0.0-4.1)	0.2 (0.0-9.8)
≥ 60 yr (n = 80)	22.7 (10.2-65.1)	13 (5.3-40)	15.6 (2.4-35.4)	37.8 (6.7-70.7)	37.2 (6.7-70.7)	35.2 (6.7-70.7)	0.0 (0-3.5)	0.2 (0-9.8)
P	0.08	0.8	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.12	0.76	0.54
MELD < 20 (n = 90)	19.4 (8-59.8)	11.6 (2.6-40.5)	18.3 (4.1-56.8)	38.9 (19.9)	38.4 (17-69.6)	35.9 (8.2-71.6)	0.0 (0-4.9)	0.8 (0-25.3)
MELD ≥ 20 (n = 171)	22.3 (5.7-58.6)	13 (4.4-40.3)	15.4 (3.2-42.2)	31.3 (9-62.2)	31 (9.1-61.5)	30 (9.1-60)	0.0 (0-4)	0.10 (0-9.6)
P	0.9	0.66	0.07	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.19	0.76
Not alcoholic (n = 216)	21.2 (5.6-58.7)	13.1 (4.1-41)	15.4 (1.8-32.4)	30.2 (2.8-70.4)	30 (2.8-70.4)	29 (2.8-70.4)	0.0 (0-1.4)	0.3 (0-6.9)
Alcoholic (n = 45)	22.5 (10.4-63.3)	12.8 (3.6-30.8)	15 (2.2-45.3)	33.9 (5.7-64.2)	33.8 (5.7-64.2)	33.1 (5.7-63.9)	0 (0-10.4)	0.4 (0-42.5)
P	0.68	0.81	0.2	0.16	0.18	0.19	0.95	0.97
HCV absence (n = 111)	21.8 (7.4-68.5)	11.5 (4.5-54.4)	16.7 (3-40.6)	37.6 (8.9-70.1)	36.6 (8.9-70.1)	33.9 (8.9-68.6)	0.0 (0.0-3.6)	0.4 (0-9.4)
HCV presence (n = 150)	21.5 (5.2-53.7)	13.1 (4.1-36)	15.7 (4-43.3)	31.4 (10.5-59.3)	30.9 (9.9-59.1)	30 (8.5-57.7)	0 (0-4.2)	0.15 (0-13.9)
P	0.31	0.62	0.43	0.013	0.021	0.023	0.65	0.43
HBV absence (n = 206)	22.0 (6.4-57.9)	13 (4.2-38.1)	16 (3.8-42.8)	33.9 (10.2-65.8)	33.6 (9.1-67.3)	31.2 (7.4-67)	0 (0-4)	0.3 (0-10.4)
HBV presence (n = 55)	21 (3.8-65)	11.2 (2-67.3)	16.7 (3.2-56.1)	33.3 (10.7-55.7)	32.5 (10.7-55.6)	30.1 (10.7-53.4)	0 (0-4.1)	0.4 (0-14.4)
P	0.34	0.4	0.36	0.25	0.2	0.16	0.74	0.99
Not cholestatic (n = 246)	21.7 (6.2-57.9)	12.3 (4.1-40)	15.5 (3.4-42.4)	33 (10.2-58.6)	32.1 (9.6-58.5)	30.2 (9-57.1)	0.0 (0-3.9)	0.4 (0-10.4)
Cholestatic (n = 15)	22.2 (NA)	11.5 (NA)	18.1 (NA)	53.4 (NA)	53.4 (NA)	53.3 (NA)	0.0 (NA)	0.3 (NA)
P	0.15	0.53	0.38	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.26	0.5
HCC absence (n = 154)	2.7 (7.6-65.6)	12.2 (4.2-42.2)	16.5 (3.1-42.9)	33.9 (10.7-65.1)	33 (10.7-62.8)	30.8 (9.7-62.8)	0 (0-4)	0.4 (0-9.1)
HCC presence (n = 107)	23.2 (4.8-55.8)	13 (4.1-39.6)	15.8 (3.4-42.8)	33.3 (9.3-64.9)	33.3 (8-64.9)	31.5 (8.3-64.6)	0.0 (0-3.4)	0.1 (0-12.5)
P	0.56	0.6	0.3	0.76	0.84	0.82	0.6	0.87

MELD: Model for End-stage Liver Disease; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; r: Time to initial fibrin formation; k: Time to clot formation; α: Alpha angle, rate of clot formation; MA: Maximum amplitude, absolute clot strength; A30: Maximum amplitude at 30 min after MA; Ly30: Fibrinolysis at 30 min after MA; Ly60: Fibrinolysis at 60 min after MA.