Risk factors for fracture in adult kidney transplant recipients

Table 3 Characteristics of kidney transplant recipients classified by other fractures status³n (%)

	No fracture (n = 2582)	Other fracture (n = 141)	P-value
General risk factors
Age (yr)	52 (42-61)	54 (44-61)	0.18
Women	944 (36.6)	48 (34.0)	0.55
Race/ethnicity			0.33
White	1838 (71.2)	110 (78.0)
Asian	208 (8.1)	8 (5.7)
Black	198 (7.8)	7 (5.0)
Other1	338 (13.1)	16 (11.4)
Diabetes	656 (25.4)	57 (40.4)	< 0.001
Fall with hospitalization in the year prior to the transplant index	90 (3.5)	10 (7.1)	0.03
Major fracture prior to the transplant date5	69 (2.7)	13 (9.2)	< 0.001
Transplant specific risk factors
Length of time on dialysis prior to transplant (measured in years)2	2.7 (1.1-5.4)	3.0 (1.7-5.3)	0.068
Type of donor
Deceased	1439 (55.7)	89 (63.1)	0.09
Cause of end-stage renal disease			0.003
Glomerulonephritis	958 (37.1)	32 (22.7)
Cystic kidney disease	397 (15.4)	19 (13.5)
Diabetes	555 (21.5)	42 (29.8)
Renal vascular disease	294 (11.4)	23 (16.3)
Other	378 (14.6)	25 (17.7)
Pre-transplant dialysis modality4			0.09
Peritoneal dialysis	694 (26.7)	42 (29.8)
Hemodialysis	1613 (62.5)	92 (65.3)
Pre-emptive	275 (10.7)	7 (5.0)
Donor characteristics
Type of donor
Deceased	1439 (55.7)	89 (63.1)	0.09
Donor age (yr)	46 (36-54)	48 (40-54)	0.13
Donor sex
Women	1298 (50.3)	65 (46.1)	0.33

Data are median (interquartile range) or n (%).

¹Other was defined as a composite of: Indian Sub-Continent, Pacific Islander, Aboriginal, Mid East/Arabian, Latin American, Other/Multiracial;

²Includes individuals who received a pre-emptive transplant where the time spent on dialysis was defined as 0 years; ³Other fracture events were comprised of pelvis (n = 15), ankle (n = 37), patella (n = 8), tibia/fibula (n = 37), rib/sternum (n = 34), and other (femoral shaft, scapula, clavicle; n = 16);

⁴We defined hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis based on the modality the recipient first received. We defined pre-emptive transplant as no evidence of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis prior to transplant;

⁵Prior major fracture had to occur from 1991 to cohort entry (date of transplant).