Expanding role of antibodies in kidney transplantation

Figure 3 Pathology of acute antibody-mediated graft injury. The principal target of antibodies is the microcirculation and larger blood vessels. A: Severe glomerulitis. Many of the glomerular capillary lumens are obliterated by inflammatory cell infiltration (HE, × 400); B: A glomerulus showing fibrin thrombi obliterating some of the capillary lumens (arrow) (HE, × 200); C: A focus of moderate peritubular capillaritis (ptc2) (arrow) (HE, × 400); D: Diffuse C4d positivity (C4d) (C4d3) in peritubular capillaries (FITC, IF for C4d, × 200).