Supervised vs home-based exercise program in kidney transplant recipients: A pilot pragmatic non-randomized study

Table 1 Baseline comparison between the two groups, n (%)

	HBex, N = 9	Sgym, N = 6	P value
Age, years (mean ± SD)	63 ± 3	55 ± 11	0.06
Male sex	6 (67)	3 (50)	0.53
Dialysis vintage, month (mean ± SD)	24 ± 15	23 ± 20	0.85
Age of transplantation (mean ± SD)	56 ± 8	52 ± 10	0.15
Risk factors and comorbidities
Smokers	0	1	0.41
Hypertension	9	6	1
Diabetes	1	0	0.41
Hyperlipidemia	4	4	1
Charlson index (mean ± SD)	4 ± 2	5 ± 4	0.52
Medications
Ace-inhibitors	2	1	0.8
Diuretics	2	0	0.24
Beta-blockers	8	5	0.19
Calcium antagonists	1	3	0.22
Antiplatelets therapy	7	5	0.37
Statins	7	4	0.16
Laboratory parameters (mean ± SD)
Hemoglobin, g/dL	12.6 ± 1.1	12.5 ± 1.6	0.88
Serum creatinine, mg/dL	1.06 ± 0.25	1.64 ± 0.64	0.028
Sodium mmol/L	127.1 ± 33.2	140.0 ± 1.8	0.47
Potassium mEq/L	4.2 ± 0.4	4.0 ± 0.2	0.76
PTH mg/mL	71 ± 33	136 ± 72	0.07
RAPA questionnaire (mean ± SD)	3.3 ± 3.8	6.7 ± 3.1	0.1
6MWD (m)	356 ± 113	478 ± 53	0.030a
PFWD (m)	278 ± 172	442 ± 71	0.047a
VO2peak (ml/100 g/min)	18.8 ± 8.3	21.9 ± 3.1	0.41
5T-STS	18.3±16.2	11.0 ± 1.9	0.3

^aP < 0.05. HBex: Home-based group; PFWD: Pain-free walking distance; PTH: Parathormone; RAPA: Rapid assessment of physical activity; Sgym: Supervise training group; VO2: Maximum oxygenation; 5T-STS: 5-time sit-to-stand test; 6MWD: 6-minute walking distance.