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World J Transplant. Sep 18, 2024; 14(3): 96225
Published online Sep 18, 2024. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v14.i3.96225
Table 1 Risk factors for tuberculosis in transplant candidates and recipients
Risk factors in transplant candidates
Risk factors in transplant recipients
Presence of comorbidities: Diabetes mellitus, COPDDonor-derived tuberculosis
SmokingCo-existing infections: COVID-19, HIV, Nocardiosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii, CMV
Transplant candidate age: Young and ElderlyInduction: Anti-T-lymphocyte antibodies or OKT3
Immunomodulatory states: Chronic HCV infection, CMV infectionMaintenance immunosuppression: Antiproliferative agents (MMF); Prednisolone-Azathioprine; immunosuppression; Everolimus
Chronic liver diseaseGraft rejection: Intensification of immunosuppression
Dialysis vintageGenetic factors: HLA A68(28)/A69(28) locus (in Indian sub-population)
Previous history of tuberculosis or TBI: Positive tuberculin test or chest X-ray; suggestive of previous infection
Family history of tuberculosis
Other co-existing infections: COVID19, HIV