Statin, aspirin and metformin use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma related outcomes following liver transplantation: A retrospective study

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis for the composite endpoint of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence or all-cause mortality

	Univariate analysis	P value	Multivariate analysis	P value
Variables
Sex	1.94 (95%CI: 0.79-4.76)	0.15	2.02 (95%CI: 0.82-4.96)	0.12
Age at LT	1.03 (95%CI: 1.00-1.06)	0.10	1.02 (95%CI: 0.98-1.05)	0.33
Aetiology of liver disease
HBV	1.33 (95%CI: 0.72-2.44)	0.37
HCV	1.21 (95%CI: 0.70-2.10)	0.50
NAFLD	0.97 (95%CI: 0.39-2.41)	0.95
Statin use	1.20 (95%CI: 0.59-2.41)	0.62	1.16 (95%CI: 0.58-2.30)	0.67
Aspirin use	1.01 (95%CI: 0.22-4.61)	0.99	1.21 (95%CI: 0.28-5.27)	0.80
Metformin use	0.68 (95%CI: 0.31-1.50)	0.34	0.61 (95%CI: 0.27-1.36)	0.23
Statins, aspirin or metformin use1	1.10 (95%CI: 0.60-2.01)	0.76	1.06 (95%CI: 0.56-1.91)	0.85
MTORi use	1.14 (95%CI: 0.59-2.21)	0.70	0.81 (95%CI: 0.43-1.53)	0.51
Pre LT co-morbidities
Diabetes	1.08 (95%CI: 0.61-1.93)	0.79
Stroke	0.98 (95%CI: 0.14-7.02)	0.99
Hypertension	0.68 (95%CI: 0.35-1.33)	0.26
Obesity	0.68 (95%CI: 0.37-1.26)	0.22
Ischaemic heart disease	2.08 (95%CI: 0.52-8.22)	0.27
Total cholesterol mmol/L	0.58 (95%CI: 0.30-1.12)	0.11
Other variables
Microvascular invasion	3.54 (95%CI: 1.97-6.34)	< 0.01	2.82 (95%CI: 1.51-5.27)	< 0.01
Pre-LT AFP ≥ 100 ng/mL pre-LT	3.04 (95%CI: 1.53-6.02)	< 0.01	2.73 (95%CI: 1.38-5.40)	< 0.01
Pre-LT Regional treatments ≥ 3	1.26 (95%CI: 0.73-2.18)	0.41
Pre-LT size of largest lesion ≥ 3 cm	1.62 (95%CI: 0.93-2.83)	0.092	1.50 (95%CI: 0.86-2.61)	0.16
Beyond Milan	2.06 (95%CI: 1.19-3.56)	0.01
Beyond up-to-7	2.25 (95%CI: 1.23-4.10)	< 0.01	1.68 (95%CI: 0.94-2.99)	0.077
Complete response at LT	0.77 (95%CI: 0.43-1.38)	0.38

¹Multivariate analysis performed separately with the composite variable of statins, aspirin or metformin use included a priori.

Hypertension Systolic Blood Pressure > 140 mmHg. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; AFP: Alfa-fetoprotein; BMI: Body mass index; MTORi: Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor; LT: Liver transplantation.