Vitamin D deficiency may predispose patients to increased risk of kidney transplant rejection

Table 2 Comparison of demographic characteristics and laboratory findings in the low and high vitamin D level groups at the time of graft biopsy

Vitamin D level	Group 1 (> 15 ng/mL), n = 14	Group 2 (≤ 15 ng/mL), n = 38	P value
Age, yr	40 ± 11.9	41 ± 12.0	0.856
Male, n (%)	7 (50)	31 (81.6)	0.035
DM/HT, n (%)	2 (14.3)/6 (42.9)	13 (34.2)/19 (50)	0.300/0.759
Hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis	12 (92.3)/1 (7.7)	31 (86.1)/5 (13.9)	1.00
Mean dialysis duration, yr	5.9 ± 4.5	5.6 ± 3.7	0.839
Preemptive, n (%)	1 (7.1)	2 (5.3)	1.00
Rejection, n (%)	1 (7.1)	24 (63.2)	< 0.001
CAN, n (%)	4 (28.6)	15 (39.5)	0.534
Number of HLA mismatches	3 ± 1	3 ± 1	1.00
ESRD actual, n (%)	7 (58.3)	10 (27)	0.80
Hemoglobin, g/dL	11.5 ± 2.0	10.7 ± 2.4	0.266
Glucose, mg/dL	106 ± 60.7	98 ± 33.9	0.433
Albumin, g/dL	4.0 ± 0.4	3.7 ± 0.6	0.063
Uric acid, mg/dL	7.1 ± 1.8	7.7 ± 1.5	0.276
Urea, mg/dL	68 ± 35.3	77 ± 38.6	0.416
Creatinine, mg/dL	2.08 ± 0.61	2.21 ± 1.22	0.702
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2	38 ± 18.3	41 ± 19.7	0.609
Proteinuria, g/d	1.0 ± 0.9	2.5 ± 3.1	0.261
Cholesterol, mg/dL	186 ± 36.9	177 ± 46.2	0.515
Triglyceride, mg/dL	178 ± 82.9	191 ± 110.1	0.877
Calcium, mg/dL	8.9 ± 0.99	8.7 ± 0.80	0.400
Phosphorus, mg/dL	4.8 ± 1.84	4.5 ± 1.86	0.657
PTH, pg/mL (range)	205 (78-927)	268 (59-955)	0.007
CRP, mg/dL	24 ± 48.2	21 ± 29.9	0.483

CAN: Chronic allograft nephropathy; CRP: C-reactive protein; DM: Diabetes mellitus; eGFR: Estimation glomerular filtration rate; ESRD: End-stage renal disease; HLA: Human leukocyte antigen; HT: Hypertension; PTH: Parathyroid hormone.