Rituximab or plasmapheresis for prevention of recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 4 Detailed characteristics of included studies evaluating the outcomes of preemptive rituximab

Ref.	Country	Age	Genetic testing	Race	Time to ESKD	Repeat KT	Induction	IS	DDKT	Follow-up duration
Burke et al[22], 2009	United States	Age at KT: 6-21 yr	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	rATG or daclizumab	CS, Tac, MMF	N/A	N/A
Sagheshima et al[23], 2010	United States	Age at KT: 4-24 yr	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Fornoni et al[24], 2011	United States	Age at KT: 15 ± 5.5 yr (rituximab), 12.3 ± 5.2 yr (control)	N/A	White 56%, Black 44%	3.4 ± 2.0 yr (rituximab group), 3.3 ± 2.1 (control)	N/A	Combined thymoglobulin (1 mg/kg, 3–5 doses) and daclizumab. Alemtuzumab in one patient.	CS, Tac, MMF	Preemptive: 3/27 (11%) in rituximab group, 2/14 (14%) in non-rituximab group	N/A
Miyauchi et al[25], 2011	Japan	FSGS undergoing KT	N/A	Asian	N/A	N/A	N/A	CS, CsA/Tac, AZA/mizolibine	N/A	N/A
Park et al[26], 2014	South Korea	Age at KT: 39 ± 14 (n = 7, recurrence), 36 ± 11 (n = 20, no recurrence)	N/A	Asian	46 ± 44 mo (n = 7, recur group), 68 ± 67 mo (n = 20, no recur group)	none	Basiliximab (20 mg) on days 0 and 4	CS, CsA/Tac, MMF	3/27 DDKT, 24/27 living	N/A
Okumi et al[27], 2015	Japan	N/A	N/A	Asian	N/A	N/A	Basiliximab (after 2002)	CS, CsA/Tac, MMF	N/A	N/A
Futamura et al[28], 2016	Japan	N/A	N/A	Asian	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Alasfar et al[29], 2018	United States	Age at FSGS Dx: 29.9 ± 17.2. Age at KT: 38 ± 16.5	N/A	White 56%, Black 32%, Asian 7%, Hispanic 4%	4 (0–9) yr	37% (42/66 63% first transplant)	Depleting agent 92%	CS + Tac + MMF (92%), CS + CsA + MMF (8%)	DDKT 37%, LUKT 37%, LRKT 25%	29.5 mo
Lu et al[30], 2018	United States	Age at KT: 44	N/A	White 64%	N/A	0%	N/A	CS, Tac, MMF	N/A	N/A
Auñón et al[31], 2021	Spain	Age at FSGS Dx: 24.5 ± 18.5 (rituximab group), 30 ± 13.7 (non-rituximab group). Age at KT: 35.0 ± 15.2 (R group), 42.4 ± 12.2 (non-R group)	Excluded suspected genetic causes of FSGS	N/A	5.12 ± 4.44 (R group), 7.58 ± 7.11 (Non-R group)	7/34 (21%); recurrence in previous graft 2/12 (16.7%) in R group vs 2/22 (9.1%) In non-R group	Rituximab group: rATG 16.7%, basiliximab 50%. Non-rituximab group: rATG 40.9%, basiliximab 22.7%	CS + Tac + MMF (93.3%)	85.3% DDKT, 11.8% LRKT, 2.9% LUKT	N/A
Mukku et al[39], 2021	United States	Age at KT: 35 yr	N/A	White 39%, Black 27%	N/A	2/8 pre-emptive group vs 0/10	rATG (61%), alemtuzumab (22%), basiliximab (17%)	CS + Tac + MMF (83%), CS + CsA + MMF (17%)	89% DDKT	30 (1-36) mo

N: Number; ESKD: End-stage kidney disease; FSGS: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; RRT: Renal replacement therapy; PP: Plasmapheresis; IS: Immunosuppression; KT: Kidney transplantation; RTX: Rituximab; CS: Corticosteroids; CsA: Cyclosporine; Tac: Tacrolimus; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; AZA: Azathioprine; rATG: Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin; DDKT: Deceased donor kidney transplantation; LRKT: Living-related kidney transplantation; LUKT: Living-related kidney transplantation; N/A: Not available.