Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Transplant. Jun 29, 2020; 10(6): 162-172
Published online Jun 29, 2020. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v10.i6.162
Table 2 Association of Toll-like receptors alleles with infections post liver transplantation and their clinical significance
Type of InfectionType of organismTLR allelesClinical significance
Bacterial infectionsStaph aurusTLR2 (Arg753Gln)Inconclusive association with septic shock
TLR2 (R753Q)May correlated only in cases of infections with large dose of pathogen
Listeria monocytogenesTLR2/MyD88-dependent pathwayParticipate in cytokine cascade No role in clearance
Salmonella typhimuriumTLR4Granuloma formation
Salmonella choleraesuisTLR2, TLR4Have role in pathogenesis; No role in clearance
TLR9Has role in clearance
ProtozoalPlasmodium falciparumTLR1, TLR6Mild form of malaria
TLR9 (1486 C/T)Severe form of malaria
MycobacteriumMycobaterial tuberculosisTLR2 (R753Q)Increased susceptibility to T.B in Turkish
TLR2 (Arg677Trp)Increased susceptibility to T.B in Tunisian but not to Iranian and Indian populations.
ViralHepatitis C virus (HCV)TLR2 (Arg753Gln)Recurrence of HCV post transplant (PT) with higher graft cirrhosis and graft failure
TLR2 (R753Q)Higher rate of graft failure
TLR3Increased liver fibrosis
TLR4 (Asp299Gly) and (Thr399Ile)No associated PT complications
TLR7/8-mediated pathwayAggressive PT recurrence of HCV
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)TLR2 (R753Q) TLR2 (Arg753Gln)Increased incidence of CMV PT