Improving cancer therapy by targeting cancer stem cells: Directions, challenges, and clinical results

doi:10.5497/wjp.v4.i1.58

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World Journal of Pharmacology

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World J Pharmacol. Mar 9, 2015; 4(1): 58-74
Published online Mar 9, 2015. doi: 10.5497/wjp.v4.i1.58

Table 2 Pathways and drug candidates targeting cancer stem cells

Pathway	Targets	Compounds	Clinical development
Hedgehog	Smoothened	¹Vismodegib[80-82]	Medulloblastoma
			Pancreatic cancer
			Hematological malignancies
Notch	γ-secretase	MK-0752[94]	Breast cancer
	DLL4	Demcizumab[88-90]	Pancreatic cancer
			NSCLC
			Ovarian cancer
		MEDI0639	Solid tumors
Wnt	β-catenin	Vantictumab[101]	Breast cancer
			Pancreatic cancer
			NSCLC
		OMP-54F28[102]	Ovarian cancer
			Pancreatic cancer
			Hepatic cancer
CXCR1/2-CXCL8	CXCR1	Reparixin[113,114]	Breast cancer
		SCH563705
	CXCR1/2
IL-6/JAK/STAT3	IL-6	²Tocilizumab
	JAK1, JAK2	³Tofacitinib
		⁴Chloroquine	Breast cancer[57]

¹Erivedge™, FDA and EMA approved for metastatic or locally advanced basal cell carcinoma;

²RoActemra™, FDA and EMA approved for rheumatoid arthritis;

³Xeljanz™, FDA approved for rheumatoid arthritis;

⁴FDA approved for malaria and extraintestinal amebiasis. DLL4: Delta-like ligand 4; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; NSCLC: Non-small-cell lung carcinoma; CXCR1/2-CXCL8: CXC chemokine receptor 1/2-interleukin 8; IL-6/JAK/STAT3: Interleukin 6/Janus kinase 2/Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.

Citation: Ruffini PA, Vaja V, Allegretti M. Improving cancer therapy by targeting cancer stem cells: Directions, challenges, and clinical results. World J Pharmacol 2015; 4(1): 58-74
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3192/full/v4/i1/58.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v4.i1.58