Progress in neuregulin/ErbB signaling and chronic heart failure

Table 2 Changes in mRNA levels of fatty acid metabolism enzyme genes in rat cardiomyocytes treated with rhneuregulin-1β

Gene	Fold increase(rhNRG-1β/vehicle)	Function	Ref.
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase Ib, muscle (Cpt1b)	1.83	Rate-limiting enzyme which imports fatty acid for mitochondrial oxidation	[124]
Acyl-CoA synthetase, long-chain family 4 (Acsl4)	2.31	Promotes fatty acid uptake	[125]
2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase, mitochondrial (Decr1)	2.04	Catalyzes the rate-limiting step that prepares polyunsaturated fatty acids to be utilized as substrates for β-oxidation	[126]
Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (Hadhb)	1.59	β-subunit of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein, catalyzes the last three steps of mitochondrial β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids	[127,128]
Transketolase (Tkt)	1.97	Necessary for the production of NADPH, especially in tissues actively engaged in biosyntheses, such as fatty acid synthesis	[129]
Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (Acat1)	1.89	Enzyme participates in ten metabolic pathways including fatty acid metabolism	[130]
Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 4 (Hsd17b4)	1.64	Enzyme involved in peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation	[131]
Dodecenoyl-coenzyme A delta isomerase (Dci)	1.66	Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzyme	[132]
Protein kinase, AMP-activated, β1 non-catalytic subunit (Prkab1)	1.98	Regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase, involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol	[133]

NRG: Neuregulin.