Cytoplasmic and nuclear programmed death ligand 1 expression in peritumoral stromal cells in breast cancer: Prognostic and predictive value

Table 10 Research results assessing programmed death ligand 1 expression in breast cancer

Ref.	Number of patients/breast cancer subtype	Anti- programmed death-ligand 1 clone	Association of programmed death-ligand 1 expression with clinical and morphological characteristics of breast cancer	Association of programmed death-ligand 1expression with metastasis in regional lymph nodes
Li et al[36], 2018	112/Ductal BC/subtypes not specified	Polyclonal (Abcam)	Higher in G2-G3 (P = 0.03)	Associated with the presence of metastases
Cirqueira et al[40], 2021	6468/All subtypes	SP263, E1 L3N, 22C3, CAL 10, SP142, B7-H1, Polyclonal	Higher in high Ki67 (P = 0.005), HER2- BC (P = 0.001)	Associated with the absence of metastases
Zhou et al[41], 2018	136 Ductal BC/All subtypes	Monoclonal (ab213524)	Higher in luminal B HER2+, HER2+ non-luminal and TNBC (P = 0.001)	Not associated with the presence of metastases
Catacchio et al[42], 2019	180/All subtypes	Not specified	More often observed in lobular BC (P = 0.0287)	Not associated with the presence of metastases
Evangelou et al[43], 2020	45/All subtypes	Monoclonal E1 L3N	More often observed with a tumor size of more than 2 cm (P = 0.023), G3 (P = 0.017), ER- status (P = 0.001), PR- status (P = 0.002) and Ki67 more than 20% (P = 0.030)	Not associated with the presence of metastases
Zhang et al[37], 2020	4336/All subtypes	SP263, E1 L3N, 22C3, CAL 10, SP142, B7-H1, Polyclonal, NAT105, 28–8, ab58810, Abcam	More often observed in stage III (P = 0.015), ER- status (P = 0.000), HER2+ BC (P = 0.03), and higher levels of Ki67 (P = 0.000)	Associated with the presence of metastases
Kim et al[38], 2017	4578/All subtypes	Abcam	Higher in G3 (P = 0.001)	Associated with the presence of metastases
Zhang et al[39], 2017	2546, All subtypes	ab58810, NA, М1Н1	Higher in G3 (P = 0.001), ER- status (P = 0.008), TNBC (P = 0.001)	Associated with the presence of metastases

BC: Breast cancer; ER: Estrogen receptor; HER2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; PR: Progesterone receptor; TNBC: Triple-negative breast cancer.