Platelet-to-neutrophil ratio predicts hemorrhagic transformation and unfavorable outcomes in acute ischemic stroke with intravenous thrombolysis

Table 3 Clinical characteristics of patients according to presence/absence of early neurological deterioration and hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment

Variables	Total, n = 418	No E-ND, n = 394	E-ND, n = 24	P value	No HT, n = 342	HT, n = 75	P value
Age in yr	64.5 (53-72)	64 (52-71)	70 (58.75-77.25)	0.0451	65 (53-72)	64 (52-74)	0.9391
Sex
Male	249 (59.6)	237 (60.2)	12 (50)	0.3252	206 (60.2)	42 (56.0)	0.4992
Female	169 (40.4)	157 (39.8)	12 (50)		136 (39.8)	33 (44.0)
Risk factor
Hypertension	299 (71.5)	279 (71.2)	20 (83.3)	0.1982	245 (72.1)	53 (70.7)	0.8082
Dyslipidemia	276 (66.0)	261 (66.9)	15 (62.5)	0.6552	223 (65.8)	52 (70.3)	0.4582
Diabetes mellitus	141 (33.7)	126 (32.1)	15 (62.5)	0.0022	114 (33.4)	26 (34.7)	0.8382
Atrial fibrillation/ atrial flutter	102 (24.4)	97 (24.6)	5 (20.8)	0.6752	81 (23.7)	21 (28.0)	0.4312
Old stroke	47 (11.2)	44 (11.3)	3 (12.5)	0.8522	44 (13.0)	3 (4.0)	0.0272
Current smoking	73 (17.5)	70 (82.4)	3 (100)	0.4242	62 (83.8)	10 (76.9)	0.5462
Current alcohol drinking	42 (10.0)	42 (91.3)	0 (0)	0.0032	37 (90.2)	5 (83.3)	0.6082
Etiology
Other determined or undetermined	177 (42.3)	161 (41.2)	16 (66.7)	0.0052	143 (42.1)	34 (45.3)	< 0.0012
Cardioembolic	102 (24.4)	100 (25.6)	2 (8.3)		73 (21.5)	29 (38.7)
Small-artery occlusion	94 (22.5)	93 (23.8)	1 (4.2)		91 (26.8)	3 (4.0)
Large-artery atherosclerosis	42 (10)	37 (9.5)	5 (20.8)		33 (9.7)	9 (12.0)
Medication
Antihypertensive therapy	202 (45.6)	75 (19.0)	6 (25.0)	0.4732	165 (48.2)	37 (49.3)	0.8642
Antiplatelet therapy	81 (18.3)	191 (48.5)	11 (45.8)	0.8012	63 (18.4)	18 (24.0)	0.2692
Hypoglycemic therapy	121 (27.3)	111 (28.2)	10 (41.7)	0.162	96 (28.2)	25 (33.3)	0.3712
Infarct volume in mL	3.27 (0.58-24.24)	2.76 (0.45-20.25)	34.42 (5.57-303.93)	< 0.0011	2.67 (0.43-16.88)	13.99 (1.11-73.07)	0.3891
Time for stroke onset to intravenous rtPA infusion in min	170.05 (124-218.25)	170 (122-217)	180.5 (147.5-232.25)	0.1571	172 (124.85-218.25)	160 (124-219)	0.5161

¹Mann Whitney U test.

²χ² test.

Data are n (%)/median (25^th-75^th percentiles). E-ND: Early neurological deterioration; HT: Hemorrhagic transformation; rtPA: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.