Experimental models of high-risk bowel anastomosis in rats: A systematic review

Table 1 Ischaemia models of high-risk anastomosis

Ref.	Year	Sample size	Intervention	Test	Sampling day
Uzun et al[20]	2008	56	Sildenafil citrate	NOx, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glutathione	3/7
Karliczek et al[21]	2009	34	Visible light spectrometry evaluation	BPR in situ, tensile strength	3/7
Coneely et al[22]	2010	50	Ketotifen	BPR ex situ, HP, IL-6, VEGF	4
Karataş et al[23]	2010	24	Amelogenin	BPR ex situ, HP	4
Kaya et al[24]	2010	48	Tadalafil	BPR ex situ, HP, histology (as per Ehrlich et al[25])	4
Adas et al[26]	2011	40	Bm-MSCs 1 × 106	BPR in situ, HP	4/7
Karatepe et al[27]	2011	40	Adrenomedulin	BPR ex situ, HP, spectrophotometry, MDA, NOx, TNF-a, IL-6, VEGF, histology	3/7
Kennelly et al[28]	2011	30	Electrical field stimulation	BPR ex situ, HP, IL-6, VEGF	4
Sümer et al[29]	2011	30	Pentoxifylline and vinpocetine	BPR in situ, HP, histology (as per García et al[30])	5
Yoo et al[31]	2012	60	AdMSC 1 × 106	BPR ex situ, weight loss, macroscopic (adhesions as per van der Ham and Kort[32], strictures, ulcers), histology (as per Phillips et al[33]), wound infection, ileus, mortality	7
Wu et al[34]	2013	24	Triptolide	Histology, calprotectin, MPO, INF-g, IL-4, IL-17, TGF-b	56
Portilla-de Buen et al[35]	2014	180	Fibrin glue	BPR ex situ, macroscopic, microscopic, HP	5
Boersema et al[36]	2016	40	Hyperbaric oxygen	Macroscopic (as per Zühlke et al[37]), histology (as per Phillips et al[33]), serum creatinine	3/7
Ruiz-Luque et al[38]	2019	93	Alprostadil	BPR in situ, macroscopic (as per Knightly et al[39]), histology (as per García et al[30])	8
Kayapinar et al[40]	2021	60	CORM-2	BPR ex situ, HP, glutathione, MDA, histology (as per Ehrlich et al[25])	3/7

BmMSC: Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells; AdMSC: Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells; CORM-2: Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2; NOx: Nitric oxide; BPR: Bursting pressure; HP: Hydroxyproline; IL: Interleukin; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; MDA: Malondialdehyde; TNF-a: Tumor necrosis factor–alpha; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; INF-g: Interferon-gamma; TGF-b: Tumor growth factor-beta.