Potential for a pluripotent adult stem cell treatment for acute radiation sickness

Table 2 Symptoms, therapy and prognosis of whole body ionizing radiation injury

	0-1 Sv	1-2 Sv	2-6 Sv	6-10 Sv	10-20 Sv	> 50 Sv
Therapeutic needs	None	Observation	Specific treatment	Possible treatment	Palliative	Palliative
Vomiting	None	5%-50%	> 3 Gy, 100%	100%	100%	100%
Time to nausea, vomiting	-	3 h	2 h	1 h	30 min	< 30 min
Main locus of injury	None	Lymphocytes	Bone marrow	Bone marrow	Small bowel	Brain
Symptoms and signs	-	Moderate leukopenia, epilation	Leukopenia, hemorrhage, epilation	Leukopenia, hemorrhage, epilation	Diarrhea, fever, electrolyte imbalance	Ataxia, coma, convulsions
Critical period	-	-	4-6 wk	4-6 wk	5-14 d	1-4 h
Therapy	Re-assurance	Observation	Transfusion of granulocytes, platelets	Transfusion, antibiotics, bone marrow transplantation	Fluids and salts, possible bone marrow transplantation	Palliative
Prognosis	Excellent	Excellent	Guarded	Guarded	Poor	Hopeless
Lethality	None	None	0%–80%	80%-100%	100%	100%
Time of death	-	-	2 mo	1-2 mo	2 wk	1-2 d
Cause of death	-	-	Infection, hemorrhage	Hemorrhage, infection, pneumonitis	Enteritis, infection	Cerebral edema

Modified from[51].