Hepatitis C virus-host interactions: Etiopathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

Figure 3 A schematic view for the molecular mechanisms,which are involved in the regulation of hepatitis C virus-induced associated cell proliferation. A central role for mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in the modulation of hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma is also demonstrated. HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AP-1: Activator protein-1; JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase; CREB: cAMP response element-binding protein; ERK: Extracellular regulated protein kinase.