Prognostic factors associated with hospital survival in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest

Table 3 Comparison of patients before and after 2002

Variable	1993-2002 n = 257 (44%)	2003-2012 n = 325 (56%)	P value
Patient
Age (yr) - mean (SD) (n = 581)	65 (15)	62 (16)	0.04
Gender (male) - n (%) (n = 579)	161 (63)	200 (62)	0.73
Cardiac arrest
Time to ROSC (min) - mean (SD) (n = 571)	21 (14)	24 (15)	0.02
Presenting rhythm (shockable) - n (%) (n = 582)	151 (59)	135 (42)	< 0.001
Location of arrest (OHCA) - n (%) (n = 582)	165 (64)	243 (75)	0.006
Apache 2 score - mean (SD) (n = 427)	26 (8.3)	29 (8.3)	0.007
Apache 3 score - mean (SD) (n = 427)	75 (35.9)	79 (38.2)	0.23
Management
Cooled - n (%) (n = 582)	73 (28)	222 (68)	< 0.001
Target temperature (°C) - median (IQR) (n = 290)	33 (33-33)	33 (33-33)	0.62
Time to temp1 (h) - mean (SD) (n = 288)	1.3 (2.2)	2.4 (3.2)	0.04
Time at temp2 (h) - median (IQR) (n = 290)	12 (12-24)	24 (12-24)	0.56
Outcome
Survived to hospital discharge - n (%) (n = 582)	99 (38)	107 (33)	0.16
ICU LOS (d) - median (IQR) (n = 582)	2 (1-4)	3 (1-6)	0.008
Hospital LOS (d) - median (IQR) (n = 581)	6 (2-15)	4 (2-13)	0.18

¹Time to temp = time taken to reach target temperature (hours);

²Time at temp = time at target temperature (hours). LOS: Length of stay (days); ROSC: Return of spontaneous circulation (minutes); OHCA: Out of hospital cardiac arrest; IQR: Interquartile range.