Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, and prevention of deep vein thrombosis recurrence and the post-thrombotic syndrome in the primary care medicine setting anno 2014

Table 3 Clinical-etiology-anatomic-pathophysiologic classification for severity of chronic venous insufficiency[26]

Classification	Symptom
C0 (C = Clinical)	No visible varicose veins
C1	Spider or reticular veins
C2	Varicose veins
C3	Oedema
C4a	Pigmentetion or eczema
C4b	Lipodermatosclerosis or atrophie blanche
C5	Skin changes with healed ulceration
C6	Skin changes with active ulceration
S	Symptomatic, including aches, pain, tightness, skin irritation, heaviness, muscle cramps, and other complaints attributable to venous dysfunction
A	Asymptomatic
Clinical symptoms	Post-DVT
E = Etiology	Deep, perforator, or superficial vein, alone or in combination
A = Anatomic distribution	Reflux or obstruction, alone or in combination
P = Pathophysiologic dysfunction