Role of interventional pulmonology in intensive care units: A scoping review

Table 2 Tools used in aspirated foreign bodies

Tool	Type of FB	Technique	Advantages	Disadvantages
Forceps	Inorganic	Advanced through the working channel of the bronchoscope, external grip-handle can be used to open and close the forceps	Common, available, and easy to use. Able to grip thin, small, or flat shaped objects	Risk of fragmentation and distal displacement with organic FB
Snares	Organic and inorganic	Looping or lassoing technique, passed through the bronchoscope to encircle the FB under direct visualization	Useful for larger or irregularly shaped objects such as dental prosthesis, allows for secure capture	Not as readily available. Difficult to use on small or slippery FB
Baskets	Organic and inorganic	Expands to ensnare and retrieve the FB. After its deployed out of the sheath and past the foreign body, the basket is pulled back in a rotation axis to snare the foreign body	Good for retrieving multiple small objects, or irregularly shaped FB	Limited to soft or pliable FB, less effective for large or rigid FB. Friable objects may also fragment and fall out of the basket, in which case a fishnet basket may be more useful
Cryo-probe	Organic, or FB with high moisture/water content	Freezes the FB to the probe, allowing for extraction. The probe along with the bronchoscope is then retrieved through the endotracheal tube	Excellent for organic material, non-fragmenting. Useful for extraction of granulation tissue formed around the FB. Tracheal and bronchial cartilaginous tissue are resistant to cryotherapy	Requires precision, risk of damaging nearby tissue. Care must be taken so that the adjoining mucosa does not form part of the crystal

FB: Foreign body.