Antimicrobial and synergistic effects of lemongrass and geranium essential oils against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida spp.

Figure 3 Reduction of Candida albicans monotipic biofilm (in %) calculated using the MTT test after treatment with experimental groups. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post-hoc test (n = 10, α = 0.05). Statistical significance is indicated as follows: ^aP ≤ 0.0004 vs the control group, ^bP ≤ 0.0001 vs the control group and ^cP ≤ 0.0001 vs nystatin. A: Candida albicans biofilm treated for 5 min with Cymbopogon schoenanthus at various concentrations; B: C. albicans biofilm treated for 24 h with Cy. schoenanthus at various concentrations; C: C. albicans biofilm treated for 5 min with Pelargonium graveolens at various concentrations; D: C. albicans biofilm treated for 24 h with P. graveolens at various concentrations.