Reduced exercise capacity and self-perceived health status in high-risk patients undergoing lung resection

Table 4 Exercise capacity and self-perceived health status differences, 1 mo after discharge, among and between groups

		Low-risk group, n = 29			High-risk group, n = 36			Control group, n = 32			F
		Mean change	95%CI	P value, among groups	Mean change	95%CI	P value among groups	Mean change	95%CI	P value among groups
Exercise capacity
FSS		2.84 (16.33)	(-3.90, 9.58)	0.393	2.50 (14.78)	(-3.74, 8.74)	0.416	0	-	1	18.606 1b,c,1
Lower limb assessment
Hand-held dynamometry		-15.56 (31.54)	(-32.37, 1.24)	0.067	-18.57 (27.73)	(-34.58, -2.56)	0.026	0.01 (9.61)	(-2.29, 4.64)	0.494	23.129 1b,c,1
5STS test	Dyspnea baseline	0.69 (1.98)	(-0.00, 1.39)	0.051	0.37 (2.26)	(-0.37, 1.11)	0.321	0	-	1	4.152c
	LL fatigue baseline	0 (2.15)	(-0.76, 0.76)	1	0.21 (1.49)	(-0.28, 0.70)	0.390	0	-	1	7.650 1b,c,1
	Time	1.75 (8.08)	(-1.10, 4.62)	0.221	3.95 (14.58)	(-0.84, 8.74)	0.104	-0.01 (0.57)	(-0.21, 0.20)	0.931	18.333 1a,b,c,1
	Dyspnea post-test	1.12 (1.87)	(0.46, 1.78)	0.002	0.68 (1.47)	(0.20, 1.17)	0.0071	0	-	1	26.453 1a,b,c,1
	LL fatigue post-test	0.39 (1.54)	(-0.15, 0.94)	0.151	0.11 (2.27)	(-0.64, 0.85)	0.777	0	-	1	47.483 1a,b,c,1
Upper limb assessment
Handgrip dynamometry		3.80 (58.47)	(-28.58, 36.18)	0.805	3.21 (69.72)	(-37.04, 43.47)	0.866	-16.24 (64.27)	(-39.42, 6.93)	0.163	15.494 1b,c,1
UULEX test	Dyspnea baseline	1.06 (3.29)	(-0.69, 2.82)	0.217	-0.60 (2.87)	(-2.66, 1.46)	0.526	0	-	1	54.082 1a,b,c,1
	UL fatigue baseline	0.94 (3.02)	(-0.67, 2.55)	0.234	0 (3.27)	(-2.34, 2.34)	1	0	-	1	194.932 1a,b,c,1
	Time	-225.00 (191.62)	(-327.11, -122.89)	< 0.001	-240.00 (187.62)	(-374.00, -105.00)	0.003	7.50 (80.28)	(-21.44, 36.44)	0.601	19.744 1a,b,c,1
	Dyspnea post-test	2.18 (2.61)	(0.79, 3.58)	0.004	-2.40 (2.79)	(-4.40, -0.39)	0.024	0.13 (0.49)	(-0.05, 0.30)	0.161	133.723 1a,b,c,1
	UL fatigue post-test	0.94 (2.32)	-0.30 (2.17)	0.127	0 (1.76)	(-1.26, 1.26)	1	-0.19 (0.90)	(-0.51, 0.14)	0.245	8.777 1a,c,1
Self-perceived health status
EQ-5D-5L VAS		-19.58 (23.59)	(-34.57, -4.59)	0.015	-3.33 (14.03)	(-12.25, 5.58)	0.428	-2.81 (13.68)	(-7.74, 2.12)	0.254	42.089 1a,c,1
EQ-5D-5L index		-0.07 (0.35)	(-0.15, 0.01)	0.057	-0.22 (0.65)	(-0.54, 0.99)	0.163	0	-	1	0.789

Variables are expressed as mean (SD).

^aSignificant differences between low-risk and high-risk groups.

^bSignificant differences between low-risk group and control group.

^cSignificant differences between high-risk group and control group.

¹Global P value adjusted by multiplicity. 5STS: Five sit to stand test; CI: Confidence interval; EQ-5D-5L: Euroqol 5 dimensions 5 levels; FSS: Fatigue severity scale; LL: Lower limb; UL: Upper limb; UULEX: Unsupported upper-limb exercise; VAS: Visual analogue scale.