Frequency of hepatic steatosis and its association with the pneumonia severity score on chest computed tomography in adult COVID-19 patients

Table 3 Comparison of patient variables in those with coronavirus disease 2019 and with or without hepatic steatosis

Variable	Steatosis+, n = 112	Steatosis−, n = 162	Total, n = 284	P value
Age (yr)	51.2 ± 9.2	50.7 ± 10.1	50.9 ± 10.9	0.321
Male gender, n (%)	65 (58.0)	79 (48.8)	144 (52.6)	0.131
Liver's attenuation, Hounsfield unit	34.2 ± 4.8	53.6 ± 7.2	45.7 ± 11.5	< 0.001c
Pneumonia severity score	8.6 ± 3.5	6.8 ± 3.2	7.5 ± 3.4	< 0.001c
Comorbidities
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)	28 (25.0)	17 (10.5)	45 (16.4)	0.001b
Overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2)	69 (61.6)	65 (40.6)	134 (48.9)	< 0.001c
Diabetes mellitus	33 (29.5)	35 (21.6)	68 (24.8)	0.139
Hypertension	42 (37.5)	65 (40.1)	107 (39.1)	0.662
Cardiac disease	13 (11.6)	23 (14.2)	36 (13.1)	0.533
Chronic lung disease	12 (10.7)	18 (11.1)	30 (10.9)	0.918
No comorbidity1	54 (48.2)	82 (50.6)	136 (49.6)	0.696
Smoking history	18 (16.1)	39 (24.1)	57 (20.8)	0.109
Alcohol usage	4 (3.6)	0 (0)	4 (1.5)	0.015a

¹Includes obesity, overweight, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking history, and heart and lung diseases.

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

BMI: Body mass index. Data are means ± SD or n (%)