Surgical outcomes of pulmonary resection for lung cancer after neo-adjuvant treatment

Table 5 Unadjusted intraoperative/postoperative outcomes among the unmatched population cohort

Characteristic	Surgery only n = 3593 (94.21%)	Chemotherapy n = 64 (1.68%)	Radiotherapy n = 100 (2.62%)	Chemo and radio n = 57 (1.49%)	P-value1
30-d mortality (%)	83 (2.31)	3 (4.69)	9 (9.00)	5 (8.77)	< 0.0012
Overall morbidity (%)	415 (11.55)	13 (20.31)	21 (21.00)	17 (29.82)	< 0.0012
Wound infection	3 (0.08)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	--
Pneumonia	4 (0.11)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	--
Urinary tract infection	1 (0.03)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	--
Return to OR	170 (4.73)	7 (10.94)	10 (10.00)	4 (7.02)	0.0122
Venous thromboembolism	70 (1.95)	0 (0.00)	2 (2.00)	3 (5.26)	0.212
Cardiac complication	47 (1.31)	2 (3.13)	2 (2.00)	4 (7.02)	0.0022
Shock/sepsis	92 (2.62)	2 (3.13)	5 (5.00)	2 (3.51)	0.513
Unplanned intubation	169 (4.70)	5 (7.81)	12 (12.00)	7 (12.28)	< 0.0012
Bleeding transfusion	133 (3.70)	8 (12.50)	7 (7.00)	10 (17.54)	< 0.0012
Renal complication	22 (0.61)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	--
On ventilator > 48 h	2 (0.06)	1 (1.56)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	--
Organ space SSI	38 (1.06)	0 (0.00)	1 (1.00)	0 (0.00)	--
Serious morbidity (%)	372 (10.35)	12 (18.75)	19 (19.00)	10 (17.54)	0.0022
Length of stay (d), median (IQR)	6 (4-8)	5 (4-7)	6 (5-9)	5 (4-8)	0.134
Prolonged length of stay (%)	899 (25.02)	10 (15.63)	28 (28.00)	13 (22.81)	0.306
Operative time (min), median (IQR)	160 (121-214)	187 (140-246)	202 (151-253)	182 (142-249)	< 0.0012
Prolonged operative time (%)	858 (23.44)	23 (35.94)	41 (41.00)	20 (35.09)	< 0.0012

¹Two-sided P-values taken from χ² tests (Fisher’s exact test in cell counts less than five);

²P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance was used to compare non-normal distributions of length of stay and operative time. Overall morbidity: Wound infection, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, venous thromboembolism, bleeding transfusion, renal complication, return to OR, cardiac complication, shock/sepsis, unplanned intubation, on ventilator > 48 h, and organ space SSI. Serious morbidity: Return to OR, cardiac complication, shock/sepsis, unplanned intubation, on ventilator > 48 h, and organ space SSI. Prolonged length of stay, prolonged operative time refers to times longer than the 75^th percentiles for the respective distributions. OR: Operating room; SSI: Surgical site infection; IQR: Interquartile range.