Feasibility and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic rectal resection following neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy: A systematic review

Table 4 Comparison of criteria for long course chemo-radiotherapy and regimes

Ref.	Staging imaging	Criteria for LCRT	Chemo agent	Rad dose/duration
Kang et al[9]	CT, MRI, ERUS	cT3N0-2 M0 Mid/low rectal cancer	I/V 5FU + leucovorin or oral capecitabine	50.4 Gy over 5.5 wk (tumour boost used)
Kusano et al[11]	CT, MRI	T3N0-3M02	Different protocols	Total dose = 45 Gy/duration not reported
Hu et al[14]	CT, MRI, ERUS	Stage 2/3 tumours	Capecitabine and oxaliplatin	50 Gy over 5 wk
1Seshadri et al[12]	CT	T2/T3 N+, T4 excluded	Mitomycin and 5FU	Total dose = 50 Gy/duration not reported
Denoya et al[15]	CT, MRI, ERUS	T3/4 or N+ disease	5FU or Xeloda	Total dose = 50.4 Gy/duration not reported
Saklani et al[13]	NR	T3/4 or N+ disease	5FU	Total dose = 50.4 Gy/duration not reported
Denost et al[10]	CT, MRI, ERUS	T3/4 = 265 (90.8%), T1/2 = 27 (9.2%)	I/V 5FU and leucovorin	45 Gy over 5 wk
Motson et al[7]	CT, MRI	T3/4 N+ + involved/ threatened CRM	5FU or Uftoral	45/50 Gy over 5 wk (3/4 fields)

¹7/72 (Lap) and 6/72 (open) received only RT; cannot separate data;

²Using TNM classification of malignant tumours 7^th edition 2009. NR: Not reported; LCRT: Long course chemo-radiotherapy; CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; CRM: Circumferential/radial resection margin; ERUS: Endoluminal rectal ultra-sound.