Transgenic plants for allergen-specific immunotherapy

Table 1 Characteristics of transgenic rices for oral immunotherapy against allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma

Tg rice name	Target disease	Target allergen	Expression plasmid construction			Allergen accumulation		Pharmacological effect		Ref.
			Promoter	Coding protein	KDEL sequence	Localization	Yield
Cry j	Allergic rhinitis	Cryptomeria Japonica pollen (Japanese cedar pollen)	GluB-1	Fusion protein of mouse T-cel epitopes in Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, and glycinin A1aB1b	absence	presumaply PB-II	7 μg/grain	IgE and IgG CD4+ T-cell proliferation Th2 cytokine Histamine Sneezing	↓↓↓↓↓	[74]
7Crp	Allergic rhinitis	Cryptomeria Japonica pollen (Japanese cedar pollen)	GluB-1	Fusion protein of seven human T-cell epitopes in Cry j 1 and Cry j 2	presence	PB-I and PB-II	62 μg/grain	CD4+ T-cell proliferation IgE	↓↓	[79]
Shuffled Cry j	Allergic rhinitis	Cryptomeria Japonica pollen (Japanese cedar pollen)	Prolamin (16-kDa) GluB Prolamin (10-kDa) GluB-1	Fusion protein of deconstructed full-length Cry j 1, Cry j 2, and glutelins	presence	PB-I	10-25 μg/grain	IgE and IgG CD4+ T-cell proliferation Th2 cytokine Histamine Sneezing Eosinophilia	↓↓↓↓↓↓	[84]
Der p 1	Bronchial asthma	Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus (House dust mite)	GluB-1	Human and mouse T-cell epitopes in Der p 1	absence	PB-I	90 μg/grain	IgE and IgG CD4+ T-cell proliferation Th2 cytokine Eosinophilia Bronchial hyperreactivity	↓↓↓↓↓	[89-91]
Der f 2	Bronchial asthma	Dermatophagoides Farinae (House dust mite)	GluB-1	Cysteine residue-mutated full-length Der f 2	presence	Der f 2 body	15-30 μg/grain	IgE and IgG	↓	[99]