Update summarising the conclusions of the international consultation on male lower urinary tract symptoms

Table 3 Conclusions for nocturia section

Nocturia frequency more than twice increases morbidity and mortality

It is important to differentiate nocturia from nocturnal polyuria, global polyuria and sleep disorders

Drugs shown to improve nocturia include alpha antagonists, and antimuscarinics, which may be combined

No overall benefit has been shown for 5-α reductase inhibitors but these may be useful for some men

Desmopressin has been shown to be beneficial but caution should be applied in renal failure and elderly patients

Diuretics are useful in specific cases

Benzodiazepines may be used to improve sleep quality