Language and cognitive outcome for high-risk neonates at the age of 2-3 years - experience from an Arab Country

Table 5 Association between high-risk factors regarding language parameters and cognitive abilities

	Hyperbilir-ubinemia	Hypogly-cemia	Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy	Prematurity	Respiratory distress syndrome	Mixed risk factors	P-value
Receptive language score
Median	76.5	76	53	63	82	72	0.5
Range	51.0-110.0	51.0-110.0	52.0-110.0	51.0-105.0	53.0-115.0	51.0-105.0
Receptive language age (mo)
Median	21.5	24	20.02	20.02	30.035	20	0.027a
Range	1.0-36.0	12.0-39.0	1.0-39.0	1.0-36.0	2.0-43.0	1.0-37.0
Expressive language score
Median	58.5	57	52.0	52.02	62.05	53.02	0.049a
Range	50.0-105.0	52.0-105.0	50.0-93.0	50.0-78.02	50.0-112.0	50.0-93.0
Expressive language age (mo)
Median	21.5	25	16.02	18.002	21.004	15.002	0.037a
Range	10.0-35.0	15.0-39.0	1.0-39.0	1.0-36.0	1.0-41.0	1.0-36.0
Total language score
Median	57.5	56	50	50	71	51	0.11
Range	50.0-110.0	50.0-124.0	50.0-96.0	50.0-92.0	50.0-117.0	50.0-96.0
Total language age (mo)
Median	22	26	18	17.02	24.05	17.02	0.03a
Range	4.0-35.0	13.0-39.0	1.0-39.0	1.0-32.0	1.0-39.0	1.0-36.0
IQ score
Median	79	85	67	78	74	75	0.38
Range	54.0-90.0	64.0-95.0	54.0-33.0	54.0-94.0	53.0-33.0	29.0-90.0
Social age (mo)
Median	30	36	29.02	27.02	31.05	27.02	0.004a
Range	24.0-39.0	24.0-41.0	24.0-37.0	19.0-38.0	24.0-44.0	12.0-41.0
Mental age (mo)
Median	25.5	24	24	21.01	28.045	24.0	0.005a
Range	15.0-36.0	18.0-36.0	18.0-36.0	12.0-36.0	17.0-36.0	12.0-34.0

Kruskal-Wallis test.

^aP < 0.05.

¹Significance relative to hyperbilirubinemia;

²Significance relative to hypoglycemia;

³Significance relative to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy;

⁴Significance relative to mixed risk factors;

⁵Significance relative to prematurity.