Gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving breast milk or mixed feeding

Table 3 Statistics of alpha diversity analyzing phylum

Index	Type of feeding
	Breast milk (n = 21)			Mixed (n = 19)
	Initial, mean ± SD or median (range)	Final, mean ± SD or median (range)	P value	Initial, mean ± SD or median (range)	Final, mean ± SD or median (range)	P value
Species richness
Margalef’s index	1.60 ± 0.43	1.37 ± 0.27	0.042	1.53	1.31	0.0061
Fisher’s alpha	2.20 ± 0.68	1.82 ± 0.41	0.037	2.05	1.71	0.0071
Chao-1 index	8.33 ± 1.96	7.29 ± 1.23	0.044	8	7	0.0071
Menhinick’s index	0.9	0.7	0.079	0.8	0.7	0.0071
Species evenness or dominance
Dominance	0.63 ± 0.18	0.60 ± 0.22	0.617	0.747 ± 0.153	0.699 ± 0.189	0.396
Evenness	0.26 ± 0.09	0.29 ± 0.13	0.363	0.194 ± 0.046	0.246 ± 0.080	0.020
Brillouin’s index	0.51 ± 0.26	0.53 ± 0.33	0.807	0.344 ± 0.226	0.392 ± 0.265	0.551
Simpson’s index	98.00	0.4600	0.5891	0.253 ± 0.153	0.301 ± 0.189	0.396
Shannon’s diversity index	0.68 ± 0.29	0.65 ± 0.34	0.755	0.49 ± 0.250	0.51 ± 0.26	0.819
Equitability	0.33 ± 0.15	0.34 ± 0.19	0.873	0.226 ± 0.109	0.264 ± 0.141	0.355
Berger–Parker index	0.73 ± 0.16	0.67 ± 0.20	0.284	0.85	0.81	0.4181

¹Mann–Whitney U test for different medians.