Accidental ingestion of foreign bodies/harmful materials in children from Bahrain: A retrospective cohort study

Table 5 Endoscopic and surgical complications in children with accidental ingestion based on type of ingested materials (n = 153)

Complication	Total, n = 1481 (96.7)	FB, n = 104 (70.3)	Caustic, n = 30 (20.3)	Medication, n = 14 (9.6)	P valuea
Erythema	16 (10.8)	8 (7.7)	8 (26.7)	0 (0.0)	0.005b
Ulcer	14 (9.5)	10 (9.6)	4 (13.3)	0 (0.0)	0.369
Mucosal erosions	9 (6.1)	9 (8.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.132
Hemorrhage	6 (4.1)	6 (5.8)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.266
Perforation	5 (3.4)	5 (4.8)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.335
Airway edema	5 (3.4)	2 (1.9)	3 (10.0)	0 (0.0)	0.074
Stricture	2 (1.4)	0 (0.0)	2 (6.7)	0 (0.0)	0.019b
Total	39 (26.4)	28 (26.9)	11 (36.7)	0 (0.0)	0.036b

¹Some patients had more than one complication.

^aPearson’s χ².

^bIndicating a statistically significant difference with P < 0.05.

Data are presented as number and percentage. FB: Foreign body.