Serum fibroblast growth factor 21: Lack of association with gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes

Table 1 Baseline characteristic of the study population, n (%)

Characteristics	Non-GDM (n = 81)	Diet-treated GDM (n = 25)	Insulin-treated GDM (n = 3)	P value
Maternal age in years	29.37 ± 4.29	31.52 ± 4.67	30.67 ± 4.04	0.10
Parity				0.07
Nulliparity	43 (53.75)	9 (36.00)	0 (0.00)
Multiparity	38 (46.91)	16 (64.00)	3 (100.00)
Risk factor
Pre-pregnancy body mass index in kg/m2	21.88 (19.61-25.51)	22.00 (19.83-27.05)	20.00 (17.67-34.22)	0.96
Previous > 4000 g	1 (1.23)	0	0	> 0.99
Previous GDM (n = 8)	1 (1.23)	1 (4.00)	0	0.45
1st degree relative diabetes mellitus	15 (18.51)	4 (16.00)	2 (66.67)	0.15

Data are mean ± SD, n (%), or median (q₁-q₃). GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus.