Swine model in transplant research: Review of anaesthesia and perioperative management

Table 1 Normal cardiorespiratory parameters of adult and healthy pigs during anaesthesia

Parameter	Range	Parameter	Range
Heart rate (beats/min)	50-100	Temperature (°C)	36-38
Respiratory rate (breaths/min)	10-20	Haemoglobin (g/dL)	11-16
Systolic arterial pressure (mmHg)	80-140	Et CO2 (mmHg)	40-45 (mechanical ventilation)
Diastolic arterial pressure (mmHg)	60-120	Arterial pH	7.38-7.50
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)	40-70	PaO2 (mmHg)	> 70-80
Cardiac output (mL/kg per minute)	60-140	PaCO2 (mmHg)	35-50 (mechanical ventilation)

EtCO₂: End-tidal of carbon dioxide; PaO₂: Partial pressure of oxygen; PaCO₂: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide.