Do-Not-Resuscitate status as an independent risk factor for patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture

Table 1 Demographics, co-morbidities and functional baseline of Do-Not-Resuscitate and non-Do-Not-Resuscitate status patients undergoing hip fracture surgery

Category	DNR			Not DNR			OR (95%CI)	P values
	Num	Denom	%	Num	Denom	%
Age, mean (SD)	85.1		6.7	77.55		12.3	1.098 (1.088-1.109)	< 0.001
< 65	26	1256	2.1	1188	7962	14.9	Reference	< 0.001
65-80	169	1256	13.5	2384	7962	29.9	3.239 (2.131-4.923)
> 80	1061	1256	84.5	4390	7962	55.1	11.043 (7.445-16.381)
Sex
Male	313	1254	25.0	2395	7950	30.1	Reference	< 0.001
Female	941	1254	75.0	5555	7950	69.9	1.296 (1.131-1.486)
Demographics
White	781	1215	64.3	6008	7544	79.6	Reference	< 0.001
Black	11	1215	0.9	371	7544	4.9	0.228 (0.125-0.417)
Asian	3	1215	0.2	94	7544	1.2	0.246 (0.078-0.777)
Other	4	1215	0.3	31	7544	0.4	0.993 (0.349-2.819)
Not reported	416	1215	34.2	1040	7544	13.8	3.077 (2.686-3.525)
Hispanic	18	824	2.2	314	6677	4.7	0.453 (0.28-0.732)	0.001
BMI
Mean (SD)	24.1		5.5	25.3		6.5	0.966 (0.953-0.978)	< 0.001
< 18.5	110	913	12.0	630	7076	8.9	1.261 (1.007-1.579)	< 0.001
18.5-25	454	913	49.7	3279	7076	46.3	Reference
25-30	244	913	26.7	1976	7076	27.9	0.892 (0.756-1.052)
> 30	105	913	11.5	1191	7076	16.8	0.637 (0.51-0.795)
Functional status
No dyspnea	1098	1256	87.4	7136	7961	89.6	Reference	0.015
Dyspnea with moderate exertion	116	1256	9.2	652	7961	8.2	1.156 (0.94-1.423)
Dyspnea at rest	42	1256	3.3	173	7961	2.2	1.578 (1.12-2.224)
Independent	491	1251	39.2	4726	7917	59.7	Reference	< 0.001
Partially dependent	579	1251	46.3	2583	7917	32.6	2.158 (1.896-2.456)
Totally dependent	181	1251	14.5	608	7917	7.7	2.865 (2.369-3.466)
ASA class
1 or 2	108	1256	8.6	1739	7951	21.9	0.388 (0.315-0.478)	< 0.001
3	779	1256	62.0	4866	7951	61.2	Reference
4 or 5	369	1256	29.4	1346	7951	16.9	1.712 (1.492-1.965)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	908	1256	72.3	5413	7962	68.0	1.229 (1.076-1.402)	0.002
Diabetes	184	1256	14.7	1468	7962	18.4	0.759 (0.643-0.897)	0.001
COPD	181	1256	14.4	899	7962	11.3	1.323 (1.114-1.571)	0.001
CHF	55	1256	4.4	234	7962	2.9	1.512 (1.12-2.041)	0.006
CAD	212	1256	16.9	1340	7962	16.8	1.004 (0.856-1.176)	0.966
PVD	25	1256	2.0	235	7962	3.0	0.668 (0.44-1.013)	0.056
CKD	29	1256	2.3	214	7962	2.7	0.856 (0.578-1.267)	0.436
Stroke	229	1256	18.2	1023	7962	12.8	1.512 (1.292-1.771)	< 0.001
Weight loss	31	1256	2.5	119	7962	1.5	1.668 (1.118-2.488)	0.011
Sepsis	204	1249	16.3	931	7892	11.8	1.46 (1.238-1.721)	< 0.001
Recent surgery	12	1256	1.0	114	7962	1.4	0.664 (0.365-1.207)	0.177
Labs
Creatinine	1.09		0.8	1.08		0.9	1.015 (0.946-1.088)	0.664
Hematocrit	30.7			30.1			1.01 (0.986-1.034)	0.394
Platelets	212			208			1.04 (0.977-1.107)	0.196
Surgical urgency
Emergent	428	1256	34.1	2194	7962	27.6	1.359 (1.197-1.542)	< 0.001
Surgical complexity
Work RVU	17.45		2.0	17.46		2.7	0.998 (0.975-1.021)	0.841
Anesthesia
General	796	1255	63.4	6028	7959	75.7	NA	< 0.001
Neuraxial/regional	446	1255	35.5	1876	7959	23.6	1.8 (1.586-2.044)
Other	13	1255	1.0	55	7959	0.7	1.79 (0.974-3.291)
Anesthesia time	117.9		48.1	128.8		58.5	0.996 (0.995-0.997)	< 0.001
Operation time	61.4		43.8	70.2		43.5	0.994 (0.992-0.996)	< 0.001
Modified Charlson score	2.44		1.4	2.03		1.5	1.207 (1.16-1.255)	< 0.001

DNR: Do-Not-Resuscitate; BMI: Body mass index; SD: Standard deviation; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF: Congestive heart failure;CAD: Coronary artery disease; PVD: Peripheral vascular disease; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; RVU: Relative value unit.