Surgical treatment of Lenke 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Comparison of anterior vs posterior approach

Table 2 Independent t-test statistical results for surgical outcomes associated with anterior vs posterior thoraco-lumbar approaches for all cases, selective fusions, and selective fusions where distal level of fixation was the third lumbar vertebra for Lenke 5 curves

	All cases			Selective fusions only			Selective fusions where dLOF = L3
	Mean (SD)			Mean (SD)			Mean (SD)
	Ant (n = 40)	Post (n = 40)	P-value	Ant (n = 39)	Post (n = 20)	P-value	Ant (n = 25)	Post (n = 14)	P-value
Thoracic Cobb percent correction	36.7 (23.2)	48.1 (24.3)	0.036	35.9 (22.9)	35 (20.2)	0.890	40.5 (24.6)	37.9 (17.7)	0.732
Lumbar Cobb percent correction	64.5 (14.7)	63.4 (17.0)	0.764	64.7 (14.9)	58.2 (17.1)	0.135	69.1 (12.6)	54.6 (16.4)	0.0041
LSTOA percent correction	46.6 (17.0)	44.9 (21.6)	0.688	46.9 (17.2)	46.2 (21.7)	0.900	48.8 (15.6)	37.7 (19.4)	0.058
Absolute change in thoracolumbar apical translation (centimeters)	3.6 (1.4)	3.2 (1.6)	0.293	3.6 (1.4)	3.5 (1.7)	0.669	3.9 (1.4)	3.2 (1.4)	0.157
Change in disc angulation below dLOF (degrees)	5.2 (9.5)	5.8 (5.0)	0.702	5.1 (9.6)	6.0 (5.7)	0.685	9.0 (7.9)	5.1 (5.7)	0.116
Change in proximal junctional Kyphosis (degrees)	3 (5.2)	4.4 (6.1)	0.253	2.7 (5.0)	2.7 (3.8)	0.989	2.7 (5.7)	3.1 (3.7)	0.806
Change in Kyphosis from T5-T12 (degrees)	-2.4 (9.7)	0.2 (10.3)	0.253	-2.3 (9.8)	-4.4 (8.4)	0.424	-3.5 (10.9)	-5.0 (8.2)	0.652
Change in Kyphosis from T10-L2 (degrees)	24.2 (158.1)	9.6 (8.2)	0.562	25.1 (160.1)	12.4 (8.0)	0.725	39.8 (199.7)	11.2 (8.0)	0.597
Change in Lordosis from T12-Top of sacrum (degrees)	25.0 (148.6)	-1.8 (11.6)	0.261	25.9 (150.5)	-6.0 (10.8)	0.350	39.1 (187.9)	-3.3 (11.0)	0.407
No. of fused vertebrae	4.9 (1.1)	9.0 (3.3)	< 0.0011	4.8 (1.0)	6.1 (1.0)	< 0.0011	5.1 (0.8)	5.8 (1.0)	0.025
Estimated blood loss (mL)	463 (327)	985 (1046)	0.0031	457 (329)	396 (166)	0.441	526 (381)	380 (168)	0.185
Length of hospitalization (d)	5.8 (1.5)	6.0 (1.4)	0.593	5.7 (1.4)	5.8 (1.0)	0.926	6.0 (1.2)	5.6 (1.2)	0.378

¹Denotes significant difference at P < 0.01. LSTOA: Lumbo-sacral take-off angle; dLOF: Distal level of fixation; T: Thoracic; L: Lumbar; SD: Standard deviation.