Copyright
©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Orthop. Feb 18, 2016; 7(2): 109-116
Published online Feb 18, 2016. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v7.i2.109
Published online Feb 18, 2016. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v7.i2.109
Table 2 Tokuhashi classification[14]
Characteristic | Score |
General condition (performance status) | |
Poor (10%-40%) | 0 |
Moderate (50%-70%) | 1 |
Good (80%-100%) | 2 |
No. of extraspinal bone metastasis foci | |
≥ 3 | 0 |
1-2 | 1 |
0 | 2 |
No. of extraspinal metastasis foci in the vertebral body | |
≥ 3 | 0 |
1-2 | 1 |
0 | 2 |
Metastases to the major internal organs | |
Unremovable | 0 |
Removable | 1 |
No metastases | 2 |
Primary site of the cancer | |
Lung, osteosarcoma, stomach, bladder, esophagus, pancreas | 0 |
Liver, gallbladder, unidentified | 1 |
Others | 2 |
Kidney, uterus | 3 |
Rectum | 4 |
Thyroid, breast, prostate, carcinoid tumor | 5 |
Palsy | |
Complete (Frankel A, B) | 0 |
Incomplete (Frankel C, D) | 1 |
None (Frankel E) | 2 |
- Citation: Ciftdemir M, Kaya M, Selcuk E, Yalniz E. Tumors of the spine. World J Orthop 2016; 7(2): 109-116
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-5836/full/v7/i2/109.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v7.i2.109