Return to physical activity after gastrocnemius recession

Table 3 Summary of results (preoperative and 1-year postoperative)

Parameter	Preoperative Mean ± SD	1 yr post-op Mean ± SD	Improvements Mean ± SD	P-value
SF-36
Physical functioning	64.79 ± 27.58	84.58 ± 15.74	19.79 ± 26.74	< 0.001
Role limitations due to physical health	45.83 ± 41.68	84.38 ± 23.98	38.54 ± 42.83	< 0.001
Role limitation due to emotional problems	61.10 ± 44.21	89.92 ± 24.26	28.82 ± 51.32	< 0.001
Energy/fatigue	60.42 ± 18.24	65.63 ± 15.80	5.21 ± 14.95	0.02
Emotional well-being	74.00 ± 16.46	74.04 ± 17.40	0.04 ± 18.46	0.988
Social functioning	74.79 ± 21.23	96.25 ± 7.20	21.46 ± 22.51	< 0.001
Pain	60.78 ± 21.38	91.30 ± 12.48	30.52 ± 24.17	< 0.001
General health	68.33 ± 18.73	73.27 ± 17.25	4.94 ± 13.37	0.014
AOFAS Hindfoot Score	71.60 ± 18.89	91.79 ± 7.24	20.19 ± 19.89	< 0.001
Modified Olerud and Molander score
Pain	13.23 ± 6.32	22.19 ± 4.72	8.96 ± 6.99	< 0.001
Stiffness	6.56 ± 4.15	8.44 ± 2.76	1.88 ± 4.33	0.004
Swelling	7.60 ± 3.57	8.54 ± 2.91	0.94 ± 4.46	0.152
Stair climbing	6.67 ± 2.79	8.33 ± 2.60	1.67 ± 3.15	0.001
Running	1.56 ± 2.34	2.29 ± 2.52	0.73 ± 1.78	0.007
Jumping	2.19 ± 2.51	2.92 ± 2.49	0.73 ± 2.06	0.018
Squatting	4.38 ± 1.67	4.48 ± 1.54	0.10 ± 1.93	0.71
Supports	7.92 ± 3.69	8.85 ± 2.78	0.94 ± 3.67	0.083
Activities of daily life	0.00 ± 0.00	17.08 ± 4.59	17.08 ± 4.59	< 0.001
Total	50.10 ± 15.89	83.13 ± 15.73	33.02 ± 18.09	< 0.001
VAS	5.00 ± 2.38	1.21 ± 1.79	3.79 ± 2.60	< 0.001

VAS: Visual analogue score; AOFAS: American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society.