Surgical interventions for anterior shoulder instability in rugby players: A systematic review

Table 3 Summary table on mean age of rugby players, time to surgery, surgical procedure, return to match play and post-operative rehabilitation

Ref.	Mean age of player at surgery Years (range)	Mean time to surgery Months (range)	Type of stabilization	Post-operative treatment	No. of players that returned to competition after surgery	Mean return to competitive match
Neyton et al[23]	23.4 (17-33)	40 (3-163)	Latarjet-Patte procedure (Anterior instability)	Sling for 15 d with passive exercises and no limitation on external rotation. Return to rugby advised at 3 mo	22/34	7 mo (3-24)
Bonnevialle et al[21]	21 (16-34)	4.44 (2-20)	Open Bankart capsular repair	Immobilisation Velpeau bandage for 2-3 wk. No formal physiotherapy	30/31	4.6 mo (2-8)
Larrain et al[26]	22 (16-35)	For acute (all within 3 wk, Recurrent not specified	Arthroscopic acute (39/40)	Not stated	Acute 40/40	Acute: 5.3 mo (4-7)
			Mini open acute (conversion from arthroscopic 1/40)
					Arthroscopic recurrent (121/158)	Recurrent 133/158	Recurrent: 7.5 mo (5.5-9)
			Open recurrent (Latarjet 37/158)
			Goldberg et al[24]	26.5 (23-29)	Not stated: Mean time between presentation and operation 5.9 d (2-15)	2 Stage Open RC suture repair and approximately 9 wk later open capsular repair/osseous bankart repair	After RC repair: sling immobilisation for 6 wk with passive ROM exercise at 3 d. At 6 wk active exercise programe. After Stabilisation: 6 wk immobiisation then passive ROM exercises and light weights after 4 mo	5/6 players (1 player retired because of other injuries)	9 mo
Burkhart et al[25]	Not specified for rugby players	Not specified for rugby players	Arthroscopic capsular ± open capsular shift or Latarjet for when osseous lesion present	3 wk immobilisation in a sling, forward flexion at 3 wk, ER at 6 wk, Strengthening at 8 wk	Not stated	Not stated

ROM: Range of motion.