Perioperative outcomes in minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery: A systematic review

Table 3 Studies on minimally invasive lateral approaches to the lumbar spine

Ref.	Year	Surgery	Type of study	Population	MIS patients	Open patients
Cohort studies
Hrabalek et al[27]	2014	XLIF	Retrospective cohort, XLIF vs ALIF	DDD, FBSS, spondylolisthesis	88	120
Smith et al[28]	2012	XLIF	Retrospective cohort, XLIF vs ALIF	DDD, LSS, FBSS, spondylolisthesis, herniation	115	87
1Rodgers et al[12]	2010	XLIF	Retrospective cohort, XLIF vs PLIF	> 80 yr, LSS, FBSS spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, fracture	40	20
Huang et al[29]	2010	MIS-ALIF2	Prospective cohort, MIS-ALIF vs ALIF	Not defined	10	13
Case series
3Rodgers et al[13]	2011	XLIF	PCS	LSS, DDD, FBSS, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis	600	-
Ruetten et al[30]	2005	XLIF	RCS	Lumbar disc prolapse	463	-
Lykissas et al[31]	2014	XLIF	RCS	Degenerative spinal conditions	144	-
Grimm et al[32]	2014	XLIF	RCS	DDD, LSS, FBSS, scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, herniation	108	-
Tohmeh et al[33]	2011	XLIF	PCS	LSS, DDD, spondylolisthesis, spondylosis, scoliosis, recurrent herniation, ASD	102	-
Berjano et al[34]	2012	XLIF	RCS	DDD, LSS, spondylolisthesis	97	-
Lee et al[26]	2014	DLIF	RCS	LSS, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, post-infectious	90	-
Marchi et al[35]	2012	XLIF	PCS	Spondylolisthesis	52	-
Sharma et al[36]	2011	XLIF	RCS	Spondylosis ± listhesis, scoliosis	43	-
Pimenta et al[25]	2011	XLIF	PCS	DDD	36	-
Ahmadian et al[37]	2013	XLIF	RCS	L4/L5 spondylolisthesis	31	-
Caputo et al[38]	2012	XLIF	PCS	Scoliosis	30	-
Malham et al[39]	2012	XLIF	PCS	DDD, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis	30	-
4Pimenta et al[40]	2013	XLIF	RCT	L4/L5 DDD	30	-
Elowitz et al[41]	2011	XLIF	PCS	LSS	25	-
Oliveira et al[42]	2010	XLIF	PCS	Degenerative spinal conditions	21	-

¹Author financial conflict, different time period for cohort;

²Minimally invasive flank incision;

³Reported data likely includes data separately reported in Rodgers et al[13];

⁴This randomized control trial did not have an open surgery arm. DDD: Degenerative disc disease; FBSS: Failed back surgery syndrome; LSS: Lumbar spinal stenosis; ASD: Adjacent segment disease; MIS: Minimally invasive; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; XLIF: Extreme lateral interbody fusion; ALIF: Axial lumbar interbody fusion; PCS: Prospective cohort study; RCS: Retrospective cohort study; PLIF: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion; DLIF: Direct lateral interbody fusion.