Arthroscopic treatment options for irreparable rotator cuff tears of the shoulder

Table 2 Results of autograft interposition

Study and graft	Number	Ave age (yr)	F/U(mo)	Outcome ScorePre/post/P value	ROMPre/post/P value	Conclusion
Mori et al[50] Tensor fascia	24	65.9	35.5	ASES: 40.8/94.1/P < 0.001 Constant: 37.4/81.1/P < 0.001	FF: 114/160.8 ER: 27.9/46	The patch graft procedure showed an 8.3% retear rate for the repaired ISP with improved clinical scores and recovery of muscle strength
Sano et al[48] Biceps	14	64	28	JOA: 13.1/22.9/P = 0.0019	Active elevation 69/149/P = 0.0010	LHB tendon patch grafting provided significant improvement in both the active elevation angle and for the JOA score. The LHB tendon patch grafting seems to be one of the useful options for surgical treatment of irreparable massive rotator cuff tears
Rhee et al[49] Biceps	31 15 open 16 arthro	61	32	Constant 48.4/81.8/P < 0.001 UCLA 12.5/31.1/P < 0.001	FF: 124/162/P < 0.001 ABD: 134/168/P < 0.001 ER: 38/47/P = 0.46	An augmentation technique using the tenotomised biceps as a potential graft for rotator cuff tears is particularly useful in bridging the gap in immobile massive rotator cuff tears with posterior defects and retraction. Differences in postoperative clinical results between the open and arthroscopic groups were not statistically significant

FF: Forward flexion; Abd: Abduction; ER: External rotation; UCLA: UCLA: University of California-Los Angeles; ASES: American shoulder and elbow surgeon evaluation form; JOA: Japanese orthopaedic association.